CONCISE OVERVIEW ON OVARIAN CANCER AND ITS TREATMENT PARP INHIBITOR, TARGETED DRUG THERAPY, IMMUNOTHERAPY AND MORE

The primary cause of death for women with gynaecological cancer diagnoses is ovarian cancer. It is also, generally speaking, the sixth most common cause of death for women. The majority of cases had advanced diagnoses, which worsens the disease’s prognosis. The limited predictive value of the current screening tests adds even more suffering to the situation. The most important early detection techniques, which have not had a discernible positive impact on the morbidity or death of this malignancy, are comprehensive gynaecological evaluation, transvaginal ultrasonography, and laboratory markers such as the cancer antigen-125 (CA-125) assay. However, anti-angiogenic bevacizumab and Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors have gained pace in the management of this condition. Traditionally, the treatment regimen involves surgery and platinum-based chemotherapy. Although the exact etiology of ovarian cancer is unknown, there are several factors that have been found to raise the risk of the illness. Experts understand that DNA alterations, or mutations, occur in ovarian cancer-causing cells when they originate within or close to the ovaries. The instructions that inform a cell what to do are encoded in its DNA. The alterations instruct the cells to proliferate rapidly, resulting in a mass of cancerous cells known as a tumour. When healthy cells would perish, malignant cells would not die. They have the ability to infiltrate adjacent tissues and split off from the original tumor to travel (metastasize) to different areas of the body.