Volume 15 (2024) - Issue 10, October
Review Articles
SYNERGISTIC CONVERGENCE: EXPLORING COMBINATIONS OF DIVERSE PHYSIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES – A REVIEW
The development of effective therapeutic strategies for various remedial conditions often involves the exploration of synergistic interaction between two pharmacophores. The most frequent methods for multidrug therapy combining two or more active ingredients into a single, and creating hybrid molecular entities that can modulate numerous targets interaction gives a synergistic effect. As a result,...
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THE REVIEW ON THE IMMUNOMODULATORY POTENTIAL OF BAUHINIA VARIEGATA FLOWER EXTRACT
The review paper comprehensively explores the immunomodulatory potential of Bauhinia variegata flower extract, a traditional medicinal plant renowned for its therapeutic properties. With a focus on its rich history in traditional medicine systems and its diverse pharmacological activities, the paper delves into the botanical and chemical composition of the extract, highlighting key bioactive compo...
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BIO POLYMERS: A POTENTIAL CARRIER FOR PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY
Apart from the API, the excipient plays a crucial role in a formulation because of their versatile application, which enhances different physical and chemical characteristics in a dosage form. At present scenario natural polymers are considered a leading constituent as an excipient to formulate several innovative approaches for designing the drug delivery system. The components which are obtained ...
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EXPLORING THE MEDICINAL PROPERTIES, THERAPEUTIC USES, AND ECO-FRIENDLY WATER FILTRATION POTENTIAL OF TULSI (HOLY BASIL): A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW
In this comprehensive review, the medicinal properties of Tulsi are thoroughly explored, highlighting its esteemed therapeutic uses that are widely regarded as safe, cost-effective and efficacious owing to its abundant availability. Tulsi a member of the genus Ocimum and a revered medicinal plant native to India has garnered significant recognition and reverence for its profound healing capabiliti...
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NIOSOMES: A NOVEL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM
Drug-delivery systems designed for specific targets allow drugs to be precisely delivered to areas affected by diseases. Various carriers are used to deliver drugs, including immunoglobulins, serum proteins, synthetic polymers, liposomes, niosomes and microspheres. In the last decade, there has been a considerable amount of interest directed towards the advancement of surfactant-based vesicles (kn...
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A COMPREHENSIVE UPDATE ON PYRIMIDINE, COUMARIN AND BENZIMIDAZOLE (PCB)-VERSATILE ANALOGS WITH BIOLOGICAL POTENCY
All three versatile heterocyclic compounds (PCB) are majorly contributing to the field of medicine due to their unique medicinal activities like antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antioxidant, analgesic, anti-diabetic, anti-viral, anti-ulcer, anti-HIV, and as an anti-protozoal agent (Fig. 1). Many novel PCB analogs are already being used commercially as medicines. Further, the structure...
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BIOSIMILARS: A COMPLETE REVIEW ON MANUFACTURING, FDA APPROVAL, CASE STUDIES
A developing class of medications called biosimilars is created to be used interchangeably with biologics. In living cells, biologics are often large, complicated proteins with a range of potential applications. Biologics are utilised to treat malignancies, endocrine problems, and inflammatory bowel diseases just within the discipline of gastroenterology. Despite the fact that many diseases can be...
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MEROPENEM INDUCED THROMBOCYTOSIS – A RARE ADVERSE DRUG REACTION
Thrombocytosis is defined as platelet count greater than 400, 000/mm3. Thrombocytosis can be either primary or secondary. Meropenem is a parenteral carbapenem antibiotic that has great bactericidal activity against almost all significant aerobes and anaerobes. Common adverse effects such as pain at the injection site, skin rash, transitory metabolic disorders such as increased liver enzyme ...
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ACCIDENTAL INTRATHECAL TRANEXAMIC ACID ADMINISTRATIONS DURING SPINAL ANAESTHESIA AND THEIR REPORTING IN INDIA – A NARRATIVE REVIEW
Look-alike ampoules of tranexamic acid and local anaesthetic heavy bupivacaine are available, leading to accidental administration. We aimed to investigate India-specific incidents of intrathecal tranexamic acid (TXA) administration during spinal anaesthesia to identify manufacturing issues. Our secondary aim was to determine the availability of any national drug error reporting and monitoring sys...
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MITOCHONDRIAL CYTOCHROME C OXIDASE AND SUCCINATE DEHYDROGENASE: EMERGING BIOMARKERS IN CANCER
Mitochondria, renowned as the cell's "powerhouse," plays a pivotal role in cellular metabolism, influencing various physiological and pathological processes, including cancer initiation and progression. This review delves into the significance of mitochondrial enzymes, specifically Succinate Dehydrogenase (SDH) and Cytochrome c Oxidase (CcO), in cancer biology. Alterations in these enzymes' activi...
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Research Articles
ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTITUMOR EFFECTS OF MORINGA OLEIFERA LAM AGAINST EHRLICH’S ASCITES CARCINOMA BEARING MICE
Objectives: Moringa oleifera has enormous attention as the 'natural nutrition of the tropics and an essential food commodity. Antioxidants important in deactivating free radicals having damaging role on biological cells. Polyphenolic compounds are the most prevalent antioxidants seen in plants. Present study aims to evaluate the antioxidant and antitumor effect of ethanolic leaf extract of Moringa...
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FORMULATION AND PROCESS VALIDATION OF MELOXICAM TABLETS
Aim: The aim of present work is to analytical estimation and process validation of conventional tablet dosage form of Meloxicam. Materials and Methods: Tablets were prepared by wet granulation method. Then coating is done as film coating. Results and Discussion: Melting point, pH of drug was measured in triplicate and mean was notedi.e.253°C, 3.9. The maximum absorption was found to be 350 nm by ...
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COMPARING DIFFERENT DOSES OF PENTYLENETETRAZOLE INDUCED EXPERIMENTAL MODEL OF SEIZURE IN MICE
Background: Epilepsy, characterized by repetitive seizures, is studied using pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) in animals. PTZ, a GABA-A inhibitor, is used in various doses in mice to evaluate drug efficacy against seizures. Method: In a PTZ-induced mouse model, different PTZ doses were evaluated: 80 mg/kg i.p., 75 mg/kg i.p., and 80 mg/kg s.c. Seizure behaviors were analyzed, including mortality rates, GT...
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DEVELOPMENT & CHARACTERIZATION OF MOUTH DISSOLVING TABLET OF VOGLIBOSE
The study was aimed at development of voglibose mouth dissolving tablets which can disintegrate or dissolve rapidly once place in the oral cavity. Voglibose is alpha glycosidase inhibitor, drug which is used in a treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The tablets were prepared with different super disintegrant like crospovidone, sodium starch glycolate and lactose at different concentrations. The ...
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SYNTHESIS OF GOLD NANOPARTICLES USING LEAF AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF PHYLLANTHUS VIRGATUS (PHYLLANTHACEAE), ANTIMICROBIAL AND CYTOTOXIC ACTIVITY AGAINST A549 CELL LINE
The local tribes have used Phyllanthus virgatus for Malnutrition, Contagious infections, Inflammations (Gond Tribe), Hepatitis, Cold, Stomach-ache, Gonorrhoea, Fever, Headache, and septic ailments (Chenchus and Yanadis), etc. The gold nanoparticles have a highly specific surface area, and their unique physiochemical characteristics include catalytic activities, optimal properties, antimicrobial ac...
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COMPARATIVE CLINICAL AND MICROBIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE ANTIMICROBIAL EFFICIENCY OF ANTIBIOTIC-COATED SUTURES VERSUS NON-COATED SUTURES IN PERIODONTAL FLAP SURGERY
Introduction: Flap surgeries can be followed by some complications due to the infection of the operating site. Sutures at the operating site can predispose to surgical site infections by harbouring the microorganisms due to their wicking action. Triclosan-coated antibacterial sutures can be used an effective substitute to traditional sutures due to its ability to reduce biofilm. Aim: This trial ev...
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NEPHROPROTECTIVE POTENTIAL OF GREEN TEA EXTRACT AND HESPERETIN IN HEAT STRESS INDUCED EXPERIMENTAL NEPHROPATHY
Heat stress disrupts the delicate thermoregulatory setup of human body, activating various molecular pathways (reduction in uric acid production via polyol-fructokinase pathway, elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) causing oxidative stress, intracellular calcium overload associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, and diminished nitric oxide (NO) causing vascular endothelial injury) tha...
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DETERMINATION OF ANTIBACTERIAL, ANTIOXIDANTS, TOTAL FLAVONOIDS, PHENOLIC AND CARBOHYDRATE CONTENT OF LEAF, LATEX, AND FLOWER EXTRACTS OF CASCABELA THEVETIA L.
The aim of this study was the quantitative phytochemical screening of extracts obtained from the leaf, flower, and latex with antibacterial activity and antioxidant activity of Cascabela thevetia (C. thevetia). The Quantitative determinations of total flavonoid, carbohydrate, and polyphenol contents were accomplished by Folin-Ciocalteau, phenol-sulfuric acid, and AlCl3 methods. The in-vitro antiox...
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PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND LARVICIDAL ACTIVITY ON THE WHOLE PLANT OF BARLERIA CUSPIDATA ETHANOLIC EXTRACT
Introduction: Aedes mosquitoes are responsible for transmitting several life-threatening diseases worldwide, which poses a significant societal burden. It is crucial to control these mosquito vectors to prevent the transmission of diseases. In this regard the present work focused on phytochemical screening and larvicidal activity on the whole plant of Barleria cuspidate ethanolic extract. Method...
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PRELIMINARY SCREENING OF GLUCOSYLTRANSFERASES ENZYME FROM STREPTOCOCCUS MUTANS OF CLINICAL DENTAL CARIES SAMPLE AND INHIBITION BY USING PLANT EXTRACTS
Dental caries is a persistent disease characterized by acid damage to tooth enamel, which begins with the formation of biofilms on the tooth surface. Streptococcus mutans secretes glucosyltransferase, which enables the synthesis of extracellular glucan polymers using ingested starch within the oral cavity, ultimately resulting in acid production, a contributing factor to tooth decay. In this study...
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BACTERIAL MENINGITIS IN LATEONSET NEONATAL SEPSIS
Background: Neonatal sepsis is a clinical syndrome characterized by signs and symptoms of infection with or without accompanying bacteraemia in the first month of life. Any newborn with bacterial sepsis is at risk of meningitis, but late onset sepsis(LOS) has been fairly associated with meningitis from 3% to 30%.Most common organisms causing neonatal meningitis in developing countries are Gram neg...
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BACTERIAL PROFILE AND ANTIBIOGRAM OF BODY FLUIDS ISOLATED FROM VARIOUS IPDS PATIENTS
Introduction: Pathogenic infections place a significant burden on the healthcare system since they are linked to high rates of morbidity and mortality. Successful therapy of these illnesses depends on an early diagnosis and a good antimicrobial resistance testing. Therefore, the goal of the current investigation was to assess aerobic bacteriological profile and antibiogram from a variety of steril...
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MULTIFARIOUS ACTIVITIES IN MAIN COMPONENTS OF ARQ-E-ZEERA I.E, CUMINUM CYMINUM, BUNIUM PERSICUM, ZINGIBER OFFICINALE AND TRACHYSPERMUM AMMI
Arq-e-zeera, a distillate preparation of mainly Cuminum cyminum (Safed zeera), Bunium persicum (Shahi/kala zeera), Trachyspermum ammi (Ajwain) seeds, and Zingiber officinale (Adrak) rhizome isclinically used for declining obesity. Numerous trace elements, including calcium, magnesium, manganese, iron, zinc, and salt, are abundant in these herbs. These herbs have been observed to have diverse activ...
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EVALUATION OF ANTI-ULCER ACTIVITY OF EXTRACT AND FRACTIONS OF DIALUM GUINEENSE ON INDOMETHACIN-INDUCED ULCER MODEL
Background: Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is an injury of the duodenal mucous membrane that normally occurs due to an imbalance between the aggressive and the defensive factors. It accounts for an estimated lifetime prevalence of 5-10% globally. Aim: To evaluate the anti-ulcer effect and phytochemical constituents of extract and fractions of the leaves of D. guineense using an indomethacin-induced ul...
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HEPATITIS B VACCINATION STATUS AND KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE, AND PRACTICE TOWARDS VIRAL HEPATITIS B AMONG PRECLINICAL MEDICAL STUDENTS OF GOVT. MEDICAL COLLEGE, ALMORA
Background: Hepatitis B (HB) is a global public health issue that needs to be addressed. This study aims to assess Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) towards Hepatitis B and its vaccination status among undergraduate medical students of Govt. Medical College, Almora in Kumaon region of Uttarakhand. Material & Methods: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted at Government m...
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LOCAL ANAESTHETIC ACTIVITY STUDIES OF THE EXOTIC PLANT SPECIES, CROTON BONPLANDIANUM BAILL
Pharmaceutical corporations have been heavily involved in the development of natural plant-based goods to create the most economical and cost-effective medicines for the underprivileged in recent years. Plants are abundant natural product suppliers. One of such natural sources having great medicinal value is Croton bonplandianum, commonly known as ‘bantulasi’; Family: Euphorbiaceae. Because Cr...
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