ASSESSING HYPERLIPIDEMIA ROLE IN THE ETIOLOGY OF CARDIAC ARREST: CASE-CONTROL STUDY

Introduction: Hyperlipidemia, characterized by elevated lipid levels, is linked to increased cardiovascular disease risk. This study explores whether hyperlipidemia heightens the likelihood of cardiac arrest, stemming from its role in atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease. The objective was to determine if individuals with hyperlipidemia face a higher risk of cardiac arrest, underscoring the importance of managing lipid levels for cardiovascular health. Materials and Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted following PRISMA guidelines. 20 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included, totaling 12,146 participants with hyperlipidemia and comorbidities such as atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease. Quality assessment utilized the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Odds ratios (OR) and risk ratios (RR) were computed for meta-analyses, assessing the association between hyperlipidemia and cardiac arrest risk. Publication bias was evaluated through funnel plots. Results: The meta-analysis revealed a significant association between hyperlipidemia and cardiac arrest risk. Both OR (0.51) and RR (0.77) indicated odds of slight cardiac arrest among individuals with hyperlipidemia as per forest plot analytical data is OR (Chi² of 31.14 and df of 19, P = 0.04); I² = 39%0 and RR (Chi2=23.61, df=13, P=0.03; I2=45%). Moderate heterogeneity was observed and also was no publication bias as per analysis from funnel plot readings. Conclusion: Hyperlipidemia may exhibit an associative relationship with cardiac arrest risk. This challenges conventional understanding and emphasizes the need for better approaches to cardiovascular risk assessment. Future research should delve into underlying mechanisms and explore personalized interventions to mitigate cardiac arrest risk in hyperlipidemic individuals.