SCREENING MODELS OF LAXATIVE ACTIVITY

Substances that loose stools and boost bowel movements are laxatives, purgatives, or aperitives. They are used to treat constipation and to stop it. Constipation relates to infrequent or difficult to transfer bowel movements. Often the stool is hard and dry. Other symptoms may include abdominal pain, bloating, and feeling as if the bowel movement has not been fully passed. Hemorrhoid’s anal fissure or fecal impaction may be complications from constipation. It is a common gastrointestinal functional disorder. IBS is considered to be a complex condition with physiological and psychosocial elements in which stimuli from the central nervous system modulates altered bowel motility or sensation. Medical treatments for constipation include the provision of bulk laxatives, osmotic agents, stimulants, lubricants, and neuromuscular agents. Animal models are important tools in experimental medical science to understand the pathological process of human diseases. Animal models include drug-induced constipation in rat model, canine slow transit constipation model, low-fiber diet-induced constipation in rats, gastrointestinal motility test, castor oil-induced enter pooling. Gastrointestinal motility depicts the muscle contraction in the gastrointestinal tract that mixes and propels contents. Medicines associated with constipation include opioids, diuretics, antidepressants, antihistamines, antispasmodics, anticonvulsants, and aluminum antacids. While a number of therapies are available, the best way to treat constipation is to make fundamental changes to bring more fiber into the diet, remain hydrated, and add exercise to the patient’s daily routine. Recently, as novel therapeutic solutions for chronic constipation therapy and its related disorders, many herbal plants and medicinal products have gained study attention since they can effectively improve a range of circumstances without severe adverse side effects.