3D BIOPRINTING AND BEYOND: A TECHNOLOGICAL TRANSFORMATION FOR PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS

3D Bioprinting is a transformational technology that is an indispensable part of the pharmaceutical and biomedical fields. It has been used globally as a cutting-edge tool to improve future prospects. This review encompasses a brief explanation of what exactly 3d bioprinting is, its processing, and how it differs from 3d printing. The elemental segment of bioprinting is bioinks which are biomaterial and human cells pledged to print biomedical products, their manufacturers, and modernistic breakthroughs. The hot-off-the-press technologies comprise fused deposition modeling (FDM), direct ink writing (DIW), laser-induced forward transfer (LIFT), Inkjet bioprinting, and stereolithography from a pharmaceutical perspective. The other half of the paper deals with pharmaceutical and biomedical applications, introduces the need for 4D bioprinting, and sheds light on the future prospectus of this far-reaching technology. To conclude, 3D and 4D bioprinting uses bioinks and some modernistic methods for pharmaceutical and biomedical applications. 3DP could emerge as a transformative technology with the potential to become an essential component of industrial manufacturing and household appliances. The majority of hospitals and pharmaceutical businesses will most likely install a 3D printer for quick and customized products such as formulations, implants, and prosthetics.