A REVIEW ON: ENVIRONMENTALIMPACT OF IMPROPER DRUG DISPOSALS

Improper disposal of unused, expired, or partially consumed medicines through household trash or drains releases active drug residues into soil and water, harming aquatic life, disturbing microbial balance, and promoting antibiotic resistance. In India, limited waste management systems and low public awareness worsen this problem. Article shown that most people were unaware of proper disposal methods or formal take-back/collection programs and commonly mixed medicines with domestic waste or flushed them, indicating a major knowledge gap. Pharmacies can act as key intervention points by serving as collection centers, providing counselling, and displaying educational materials on safe disposal. Integrating green pharmacy concepts into pharmacy education and community health activities can build long-term responsible behavior. A “Safe Drug Disposal Program” involving pharmacy-based collection bins, public guidance campaigns, and authorized biomedical waste handlers, supported by health authorities and regulators, can substantially reduce pharmaceutical pollution and its health and environmental risks. Additionally, collaboration with local NGOs, schools, and community groups can strengthen outreach, ensuring broader participation and sustained impact of safe disposal initiatives. Regulatory support through policies mandating pharmacy take-back programs and incentives for compliance will ensure scalability and effectiveness across urban and rural areas.