ANALYSIS OF MENTHA WASTE PRODUCTS USING GC-MS
HTML Full TextANALYSIS OF MENTHA WASTE PRODUCTS USING GC-MS
Sameer Sapra1, Kunal Nepali1, Raj Kumar1, Rohit Goyal1, Om P. Suri1, Vijay K. Koul2 and Kanaya L. Dhar*1
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ISF College of Pharmacy*1, Moga 142001, India Department of Natural Plant Product, Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (IHBT) 2, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India
ABSTRACT
Mentha piperita, a commercially important medicinal plant, yields essential oils. The oil extracted by steam distillation, gives two types of waste products viz. high boiling hydrosol and bottom pitch, which sell at a very low price. Some constituents of the waste products are useful in perfumery industry and they also exhibit medicinal activities such as anti-inflammatory. The aim of present study is to characterize the value adding constituents from the target products by saponification followed by hydro- distillation.
Keywords:
Menthol, Mentha, |
anti-inflammatory
INTRODUCTION: The genus Mentha (Lamiaceae) consists of more than 25 species, mainly perennial herbs growing wildly in damp or wet places through temperate regions of Eurasia and South Africa1. Three Mentha species, M. piperita (peppermint), M. arvensis L. (Cornmint) and M. spicata L. (spearmint), are commonly cultivated around the world for essential oil production, which are extensively used in the liquor and confectionary industries, flavoring, perfume production and medicinal purposes2, 3.
Leaves, flowers and the stems of Mentha spp. are frequently used in herbal teas and as additive in commercial spice mixtures for many food preparations to offer aroma and flavour4, 5. In addition, Mentha spp. have been used as a folk remedy for treatment of nausea, bronchitis, flatulence, anorexia, ulcerative colitis, and liver complaints due to its anti-inflammatory, carminative, antiemetic, diaphoretic, antispasmodic, analgesic, stimulant, emmenagogue, and anticatarrhal activities6.
MATERIAL AND METHODS:
Plant material: The waste product of Mentha piperita i. e. Bottom pitch and High boiling hydrosol was provided by Hindustan Mint and Agro Products Private Ltd. Chandausi. Uttar Pradesh. India.
Isolation procedure:
- Isolation of residual essential oil from Bottom pitch by hydrodistillation: Bottom pitch (30 ml.) was subjected for 3hr. to hydrodistillation using a Clevenger apparatus. (ILDAM Ltd., Ankara, Turkey) (yield: 0.5 ml/30ml).The essential oil thus obtained was dried over anhydrous sodium sulphate and, after filtration, stored at +4°C until tested and analysed. The residue left behind was subjected to saponification with 5% KOH under reflux for 3 hours to remove the long chain fatty acid from the esters. The saponified residue was again hydrodistilled using Clevenger apparatus (yield: 1/30ml) and the distillate was subsequently dried, stored and finally analysed.
- Isolation of essential oil from High boiling hydrosol by hydrodistillation: High boiling hydrosol (30 ml) was saponified with 5% KOH by refluxing for 3hrs to hydrolyse the long chain fatty acid esters and the finally prepared extract was subjected to hydrodistillation using a British type Clevenger (ILDAM Ltd., Ankara, Turkey) (yield: 0.5 ml/30ml).The essential oil thus obtained was dried over anhydrous sodium sulphate, filtered and, stored at 4°C until tested and analysed.
GC-MS analysis conditions: GC-MS (70 ev) data were generated on MS-QP–2010 series Shimadzu, Tokyo, Japan equipped with FID, AOC – 20i auto-sampler and BP-20 capillary column 30 m x 0.25 mm x 0.25 μm (polyethylene glycol, TPA treated). Oil sample (10 μl) was diluted (upto 2ml) with dichloromethane (HPLC grade), sample injection volume, 1 μl; Helium as carrier gas with 1.2 ml/min flow rate; split ratio 1:50; mass scan 50-800; oven temperature was programmed from 40oC to 220oC at the rate of 4oC /min, held isothermally at 40o and 220o for 5 min each. Ion source temperature 200oC; interface temperature 250oC; injector temperature was maintained at 220oC.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS:
Table 1: GC-MS data of Hydro distillled bottom pitch oil
Compounds identified | R.I.* | Percentage |
l- Menthol | 1603.857 | 15.25 |
Cadinene | 1732.943 | 0.98 |
α- cadinol | 2114.671 | 2.74 |
Caryophyllene oxide | 2180.577 | 0.94 |
Table-2: GC-MS data of Hydro distilled high boiling hydrosol oil
Compounds identified | R.I.* | Percentage |
Limonene | 1239.623 | 4.43 |
p-methyl cumyl alcohol | 1245.764 | 10.62 |
p-menthone | 1469.959 | 33.92 |
GC-MS analysis showed that Mentha waste product i.e. Bottom pitch and High boiling hydrosol both after subsequent hydrodistillation followed by saponification yielded some important constituents such as menthol, caryophyllene oxide, cadinene which have ample use in perfumery industry.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT: We wish to express our gratitude to Shri. Parveen Garg, Honorable Chairman, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India for his inspiration and constant support and Dr. P. S. Ahuja, Director IHBT, Palampur (H. P.), for the facilities made available to the authors.
REFERENCES:
- Lange B M and croteau, R: Genetic engineering of essential oil Production in mint.Current opinion in plant biotechnology 1999; 2, 149-144.
- Iscan, G, Kirimer, N, Kurkcuoglu, M, Baser, K.H.C.,). and Demirci F: Antimicrobial screening of Mentha piperita essential oils. Journal of agriculture and food chemistry, 2002; 50, 14.
- Risch, S J : sources, processing & chemistry. In spices flavor chemistry and antioxidant properties; American chemical society: Washington, DC, 1997; 2-6.
- Kothari S K., & Singh, U B: The effect of row spacing and nitrogen fertilization on scotch spearmint. Journal of essential oil research, 1995; 7, 287-297.
- Moreno, L, Bello R, Primo-Yufera, E and Esplugues, J. Pharmacological properties of methanol extract from Mentha suaveolens Ehrh. Phytotherapy research 2002; 16, 10-13.
- Cowan, M M: Plant products as antimicrobial agents. Clinical microbiology reviews, 1999; 12, 564-582.
Article Information
4
53-55
360 kB
1182
English
IJPSR
Sameer Sapra, Kunal Nepali, Raj Kumar, Rohit Goyal, Om P. Suri, Vijay K. Koul and Kanaya L. Dhar*
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ISF College of Pharmacy*, Moga 142001, India
02 February, 2010
15 March, 2010
25 March, 2010
http://dx.doi.org/10.13040/IJPSR.0975-8232.1(4).53-55
01 April, 2010