ANTI-HYPERGLYCEMIC AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTION OF AZADIRACHTA INDICA LEAF IN ALLOXAN INDUCED TYPE-I DIABETES MELLITUS IN EXPERIMENTAL DIABETIC SWISS ALBINO MICE: A HISTOPATHOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION

Objective: To attenuates hyperglycemia-mediated oxidative stress and protects liver marker enzymes in Swiss albino mice. Material and methods: Hyperglycemia was induced in mice by single intraperitoneal injection of alloxan (150 mg/kg body weight). Three days after alloxan induction, the hyperglycemic mice were treated with Azadirachta indica orally at the dose of 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight daily for 28 days. Serum biochemical parameters such as serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), billirubin, glucose were estimated. Antioxidant properties were assessed by estimating lipid peroxidation, SOD and catalase (CAT). Results and discussion: Azadirachta indica at the dose of 200 and 400 mg/kg orally significantly (P < 0.001) and dose-dependently reduced and normalized blood glucose levels as compared with that of alloxan control group. Serum biochemical parameters were significantly (P< 0.001) restored toward normal levels in Azadirachta indica treated mice as compared with alloxan control. Azadirachta indica treatment also significantly (P <0.001) decreased lipid peroxidation and recovered SOD level and CAT activity toward normal as compared with alloxan control. In Histopathological study also did show adverse alternation in the morphological architecture of the liver tissue. Conclusion: The present study infers that Azadirachta indica leaf demonstrated remarkable anti-hyperglycemic activity in alloxan-induced diabetic mice. The potential anti-hyperglycemic action is plausibly due to its underlying antioxidant role.