ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND ANTIBACTERIAL POTENTIAL OF CARISSA CARANDAS AND CARISSA SPINARUM NANOEMULSIONS

The studies in the present article aims at developing an optimal oral polyherbal nanoemulsions from Carissa carandas (CC) and Carissa spinarum (CS) which are noticed in ethnobotanical herbarium for their pharmacological relevance. Nanoemulsions were developed in different proportions of oil and surfactant systems in order to enhance its oral bioavailability. Solubility studies were carried out for the preparation of the formulation. Pseudoternary phase diagrams were constructed by aqueous titration technique and different polyherbal nanoemulsions were prepared. Formulations selected from o/w nanoemulsion region were subjected to various thermodynamic stability tests. Optimized formulations were evaluated for physicochemical tests. In vitro anti‐inflammatory activity was carried out by inhibiting heat induced albumin denaturation, proteinase activity, red blood cells membrane stabilization and broth dilution assay. Phase diagram with 1:2 S/Smixhas shown largest area of nanoemulsion. In vitro dissolution studies revealed that release of drug from nanoemulsion 2 (96.88±1.29%) was faster than the nanoemulsion1 (85.36±2.12%) in 120 min. The formulation showed satisfactory results for in vitro anti‐inflammatory activity by inhibiting the heat induced albumin denaturation and red blood cells membrane stabilization as well as significant inhibition for proteinase activity at 600μg/ml. The NE2 showed excellent antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Salmonella typhi whereas NE1 against Escherichia coli. These studies indicate that the nanoemulsion may be used as a promising drug delivery vehicle for bioavailability enhancement of hydrophobic drugs.