ASSESSMENT OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES DERIVED FROM AVERRHOA CARAMBOLA LEAF EXTRACT AS A NOOTROPIC -INTERVENTION FOR ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE

Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, is characterized by cognitive decline and memory impairment, often associated with oxidative stress, amyloid plaque accumulation, and neuroinflammation. In the quest for alternative therapeutic strategies, nanotechnology combined with phytochemistry offers a promising avenue. This study investigates the synthesis, characterization, and neuroprotective potential of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesized using the aqueous leaf extract of Averrhoa carambola – a plant known for its antioxidant and medicinal properties. The green synthesis approach yielded stable, bio-functionalized AgNPs, as confirmed through UV–Vis spectroscopy, FTIR, SEM, and TEM analyses. In-vitro antioxidant assays demonstrated significant free radical scavenging activity of the synthesized nanoparticles. Furthermore, in-vivo experiments using an Alzheimer’s-induced murine model revealed that treatment with A. carambola-derived AgNPs improved cognitive performance, reduced oxidative biomarkers, and attenuated acetyl cholinesterase activity in the brain. Histopathological assessments also indicated a reduction in amyloid deposition and neuronal degeneration. These findings suggest that bioengineered AgNPs from Averrhoa carambola may serve as a novel, biocompatible nootropic agent with therapeutic potential in mitigating the pathophysiology of Alzheimer’s disease. Further investigation into pharmacokinetics, toxicity, and long-term effects is warranted to support clinical translation.