EVALUATION OF ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY AGAINST MULTIDRUG-RESISTANCE (MDR) BACTERIA AND ANTIOXIDANT EFFECTS OF THE ETHANOLIC EXTRACT AND FRACTIONS OF CHENOPODIUM ALBUM (SUB SP STRIATUM)

Chenopodium album (sub sp. striatum) is a folk and nutritious medicine belongs to Chenopodiaceae family and widely used as antimicrobial agent. The aim of this study is to evaluate the in vitro antibacterial potential against multidrug-resistance (MDR) bacteria isolated from clinical spicemens, antioxidant activity, total phenolic and total flavonoids content of crude ethanolic extract and nine different fractions of C. album (sub sp. striatum). The in vitro antibacterial activity was evaluate against eight multidrug-resistant bacteria based on minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), agar well and disk diffusion methods. Antioxidant property was evaluated by 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl radical scavenging activity. The total phenol contents were measured by Folin-Ciocalteu and AlCl₃ assays. Our results showed that MeOH: H₂O with 80:20 ratio (most polar) fraction had the highest antimicrobial effect on eight multidrug-resistant bacteria (MIC: 0.15-2.5 mg/ml, MBC: 0.31-5 mg/ml and had highest inhibitation zones (well: 24.33±0.57 mm and disk: 26.33±1.53 mm). In antioxidant assay, MeOH: H₂O fraction also exhibited the highest radical scavenging activity [Antioxidant activity = 95.1±2.13 percent] and flavonoid content of crude ethanolic extract and most polar fraction were the highest [(0.892±0.011, 0.865±0.010) mg/ml and (4.873±0.029, 4.535±0.025) mg/ml]. According to our result, C. album (sub sp. striatum) has the greatest potential to be consider as antibacterial (against MDR bacteria strain) and antioxidant agent, but further in vivo research, isolation of pure compounds should be carried out to discover the modes of its action and to shed light on the effects.