IMAGING SPECTRUM OF TESTICULAR TUMOURS ON DOPPLER SONOGRAPHY

This study investigates the imaging characteristics of testicular tumors through the use of Doppler sonography, emphasizing its significance as a first-line, non-invasive diagnostic modality for the evaluation of testicular masses. Testicular tumors represent a significant clinical concern due to their potential malignancy and impact on male reproductive health. High-resolution ultrasonography combined with color and spectral Doppler imaging, offers comprehensive insights into both the morphological structure and vascularity of testicular lesions. This dual approach enhances the clinician’s ability to distinguish between benign and malignant pathologies. The study presents a detailed analysis of seven clinically suspected cases of testicular tumors, encompassing a range of histopathological types such as lymphoma, sex cord-stromal tumors, and various non-seminomatous germ cell tumors (including yolk sac tumors, embryonal carcinomas, teratomas, and mixed germ cell tumors), as well as seminomas. Sonographic features observed in malignant tumors include heterogeneous echotexture, increased internal vascularity, and the presence of retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy, which are key indicators of aggressive disease. The findings demonstrate that Doppler ultrasound is not only effective in the initial detection of testicular tumors but also plays a crucial role in their characterization and in guiding further management strategies. By providing real-time, detailed vascular and structural information, Doppler sonography aids in narrowing differential diagnoses, planning surgical intervention and monitoring treatment response. This study reinforces the importance of incorporating Doppler imaging into routine scrotal evaluations, thereby improving the early diagnosis and clinical outcomes of patients with testicular neoplasms.