IN-VITRO AND IN-VIVO EVALUATION OF GLYCERIN AS A SOLVENT FOR THE IONTOPHORETIC DELIVERY OF DIPHENHYDRAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE
AbstractDiphenhydramine hydrochloride (DPH) is an antihistamine used topically to relieve skin itching and, at higher doses, DPH also has the capability to induce local skin anesthesia. The present study investigates the possibility to deliver DPH via iontophoresis using a stainless steel electrode. In-vitro iontophoresis was performed using 1% (w/v) DPH dissolved in glycerin (100%), deionized (DI) water (100%) and a mixture of both (50:50) through porcine ear skin and Franz cell assembly. The applied electrical current was 0, 100, 200, and 300 µA/cm2 for 60 min. Of the solvents tested, the 100% glycerin provided a consistent increase in DPH skin concentrations with current density and no skin damage. Therefore, the 100% glycerin was selected for in-vivo iontophoresis in a rabbit model at the same three current densities for 60 min. DPH skin concentrations were measured in skin via microdialysis for 240 min. Plasma to skin distribution of DPH was studied following short IV-infusions of 6, 8 and 10 mg/Kg in rabbits. Skin and plasma samples were collected for 420 min. No skin damage was observed even at the higher current density. DPH skin concentrations were higher following iontophoresis than IV-infusion. Thus, iontophoresis of DPH in glycerin from a stainless steel patch may be a safe, effective, and inexpensive way to deliver high dose of DPH topically to the skin.
Article Information
7
1028-1037
709
1686
English
IJPSR
J. Mehta, M. Patel and G. Stagni *
Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Arnold and Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy, Long Island University, 75 Dekalb Ave., Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA.
gstagni@liu.edu
16 September, 2016
28 October, 2016
05 November, 2016
10.13040/IJPSR.0975-8232.8(3).1028-37
01 March, 2017