PHYTO-THERAPEUTICS IN BATTLE OF MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT INFECTIONS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Background: The unprecedented overuse and illogical prescribing of antibiotics for various illnesses has accelerated the evolution of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, which has contributed to the resurgence of pathogenic strains with strengthened resistance to conventional therapies. Rising resistance has threatened human health and increased the expense of treating diseases, compromising the treatment procedure for a wide range of antibiotics. Microbes are diversifying quickly due to rapid evolution, which makes it difficult to develop management strategies. This favours the use of plant-derived antimicrobials obtained from medicinal plants to treat diseases. Over the last two decades, an abundance of plant-derived antimicrobials with a wide spectrum of activity against numerous pathogens that cause human infections have been discovered via extensive research. There are various compounds with active components that have been found and are marketed. They have great antibacterial power and can be utilised as antibiotic resistance modifiers or antimicrobials. The current study focuses on the characteristics of plant antimicrobials, their mechanisms of action in combating the rise in microbial resistance, and, in particular, the varied impacts of plant compounds on virulence factors, which are crucial for pathogenicity within the host. Creating new alternatives is necessary due to the very challenging condition of antibiotic resistance that develops amongst bacteria exposed to antibiotics. Due to their high antibacterial action, plant-based antimicrobials have the potential to be utilized in the manufacturing of medicines.