SUPERCRITICAL CARBON DIOXIDE EXTRACTION OF MELATONIN FROM BRASSICA CAMPESTRIS: IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT, HYPOCHOLESTEROLEMIC AND HYPOGLYCAEMIC ACTIVITIES OF THE EXTRACTS
AbstractBrassica campestris Linn. (yellow mustard), a common Indian condiment, possesses melatonin as an important antioxidant. Optimization of supercritical carbon dioxide extraction (SC-CO2) process parameters was conducted to obtain an extract having the best combination of yield of melatonin and maximum in vitro hypoglycaemic and hypocholesterolemic activities, along with a desirable balance of ω6 to ω3 fatty acids. A full factorial design and response surface methodology were employed for process optimization. Melatonin content of the extracts was obtained by high performance liquid chromatography and by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The optimized extraction conditions were obtained at 300 bar, 50 °C for 120 min. This extract exhibited highest content of melatonin (660.72±41.05 ng/g of dry mustard powder), maximum in vitro hypocholesterolemic (60.11±3.89%) and hypoglycaemic (59.70±2.67µg/ml) activities and possessed minimum ω6 to ω3 (1.29) ratio with minimum erucic acid content (2.00±0.20 g/100g of fatty acid). The electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy of the extract (0.10±0.001 g/ml) showed 72.10±4.01% scavenging activity of DPPH radicals, establishing its strong antioxidant potency. A new Chrastil equation was developed to compute solubility of melatonin in SC-CO2 under different extraction conditions. The SC-CO2 extract of yellow mustard seeds could have promising use as a natural source of melatonin as well as of balanced ω6 to ω3 fatty acids.
Article Information
18
2486-2495
826
1347
English
IJPSR
S. Chakraborty and P. Bhattacharjee
Department of Food Technology and Biochemical Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
pb@ftbe.jdvu.ac.in
28 November, 2016
17 January, 2017
17 February, 2017
10.13040/IJPSR.0975-8232.8(6).2486-95
01 June, 2017