SYSTEMATICALLY REVIEWING THE HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATO-GRAPHY (HPLC) ANALYTICAL METHODS FOR DETERMINING METFORMIN IN DIFFERENT PHARMACEUTICAL FORMULATIONS AND HUMAN SAMPLES

Metformin (MET) is a biguanide class of oral hypo-glycaemic agent which is used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus type II. Currently, MET is the first drug of choice and is primarily prescribed by medical practitioners to at least 120 million people worldwide. The quality-oriented routine analysis of various commercially available products of MET is a major challenge. Several methods have been reported in an industrial scale for thorough quantitative analysis. This review article comprehensively examines the published sophisticated instruments-based nearly 50 analytical methods in various pharmaceutical databases like Google Scholar, PubMed, etc. of diverse area of High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The determination of MET in plasma, serum, and urine, extensively requires the HPLC method. For the determination of MET in biological samples, we recommend the LC-MS/MS method since this method combines the HPLC separation ability with MS sensitivity and selectivity, allowing the identification of MET and its metabolites. For pharmaceutical analysis, HPLC with UV detection method is applicable because this method provides accurate results and low cost compared to more advanced detection techniques. This fascinating review comprehensively highlighted the overview of sophisticated analytical techniques for the method development and validation for metformin in the most reliable, accurate, precise, economic, reproducible, and robust manner.