TIME-OPTIMIZED DRUG DELIVERY: THE ROLE OF CHRONOTHERAPY IN MODERN THERAPEUTICS

Circadian clock is an impressive timing system responsible for the control of several metabolic, physiological and behavioral processes. Chronotherapeutic is an approach that aligns the timing of drug delivery with the rhythms of diseases or disorders to optimize therapeutic responses and minimize side effects. This method ensures the purposeful and controlled release of medications in varying amounts over a 24-hour period. Chronotherapeutic drug delivery systems are becoming increasingly important in pharmaceutical technology, as they reduce dosing frequency and toxicity while delivering drugs in sync with the circadian rhythm (CR) of specific diseases, ensuring optimal treatment when symptoms are at their peak. Eventually, the benefit goes to the patient due the compliance and convenience of the dosage form. Chronotherapy is the conveying drugs in the body at the target site by maintaining perfect synchronicity with circadian rhythms. Chronotherapy refers to the use of circadian, ultradian, in radian& seasonal or other rhythmic cycles in the application of therapy. Some of the conditions, which may be significantly benefited, are hypertension, myocardial infarction, bronchial asthma, peptic ulcer, arthritis, duodenal ulcer, diabetes, neurological disorder, cancer and hypercholesterolemia. Chronobiology is the branch of science that studies periodic phenomena in living organisms and their adaptation to biological rhythms. These rhythms can occur annually, monthly, daily, or at even shorter intervals. Daily rhythms lasting 24 hours are known as circadian rhythms. This review highlights chronobiology, chrono pharmacology, and the chrono kinetics of various drugs, as well as their applications in the treatment of different diseases, known as chronotherapeutic.