CHARACTERIZING THE ADIPOKINES, INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES RESPONSE IN ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION IN HIGH-FAT DIET AND SINGLE DOSE OF STZ IN WISTAR ALBINO RAT MODELS

Introduction: Endothelial dysfunction and diet-induced diabetes may be significantly impacted by changes in Adipokine and inflammatory cytokine secretion linked to obesity. Our study’s objective was to determine the effect of a high-fat diet also on concentrations of leptin, adiponectin, as well as other inflammatory indicators in type 2 diabetes mellitus brought on by streptozotocin (STZ)-induced endothelial dysfunction (T2DM). Material and Method: This study examined how endothelial dysfunction rats responded to a high-fat diet and Streptozotocin by producing more adipokines and inflammatory cytokines. The 32 rats of four groups of adult male Wistar rats utilized in this investigation were as follows: group 1 received the diet that was 60% fat (HFD) (n = 8); group 2 received a high-fat diet plus, STZ (STZ-HFD) (n = 8); as well as group 3 received a normal diet plus, STZ (STZ-ND) (n = 8). The fourth groups ate a normal diet for six weeks. Using a single intraperitoneal STZ injection, (40mg/kg), type 2 diabetes was induced. a 12-hour fast was imposed on all of the ratsprior to the drawing of serum sample to determine the serum concentrations of tumour necrosis factor (TNF), leptin, adiponectin, CRP, ICAM, and VCAM endothelial markers using an ELISA. Using the Student’s t-test, four categories were compared. Using just one variable. Multiple comparisons against the control group were made using a one-way ANOVA followed by a Dunnett post hoc test. Results: Mean serum glucose leptin, TNF –α, CRP, ICAM, VCAM concentrations  were substantially higher in HFD + STZ compared to Normal Diet + STZND) and HFD (p<0.001). The average serum concentration of adiponectin was significantly lower in HFD + STZ compared to Normal Diet + STZ ND and HFD (p<0.001). Serum GAMMA INTERFERON level was significantly higher in Normal Diet + STZ compared to HFD + STZ, ND and HFD (p<0.001). Conclusion: Inflammation is a major factor in endothelial dysfunction correlated with type 2 diabetes and obesity, and is protected by anti-inflammatory adipokines like adiponectin.