INSIGHTS INTO MALE INFERTILITY MANAGEMENT: EXPERT OPINION AND PRACTICES AMONG LEADING GYNECOLOGISTS IN INDIA

Background: Male infertility is a significant, yet often overlooked, contributor to couple infertility, particularly in developing countries. Social stigma, cultural barriers, and lack of comprehensive data on male infertility further exacerbate the issue, making it challenging to address effectively. Aims and Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the current clinical practices, diagnostic approaches, and management strategies for male infertility among gynecologists in India. Materials and Methods: A comprehensive survey was conducted during the 19th Annual Conference of the Indian Fertility Society (IFS), FERTIVISION-2023. A total of 1039 gynecologists from various regions of India participated. The survey comprised 11 key questions focusing on primary and secondary causes of male infertility, diagnostic practices, semen analysis, and management strategies including the use of antioxidants, clomiphene, and varicocele repair. Results: The survey revealed that 43.12% of clinicians reported 10-20% of their male patients had fertility issues. Premature ejaculation (51.11%) and erectile dysfunction (34.55%) were the most common sexual dysfunctions observed. Semen analysis was routinely performed by 16.65% of respondents, and 54.09% referred patients to urologists for varicocele management. Antioxidants were prescribed based on semen analysis by 35.32% of clinicians. Notably, northern India reported the highest prevalence of male infertility. Conclusion: The survey highlights significant variations in the diagnosis and management of male infertility across different regions in India. Social stigma and cultural barriers significantly impact the accurate reporting and management of male infertility. These findings underscore the need for standardized diagnostic protocols, increased awareness, and comprehensive training for healthcare providers in India.