FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF CLINDAMYCIN PHOSPHATE LOADED CALCIUM CARBONATE NANOPARTICLES FOR TREATING OSTEOMYELITIS

This study focuses on developing clindamycin phosphate-loaded calcium carbonate nanoparticles to treat osteomyelitis, utilizing the chemical precipitation method. These nanoparticles were optimized for particle size, zeta potential, drug content, and encapsulation efficiency, resulting in seven different formulations (F1-F7), with formulation F5 was identified as the most effective. Particle size ranged from 275.9 nm to 846.5 nm, and a high homogenization speed of 15,000 rpm was crucial in achieving smaller particle sizes conducive to better bone cell attachment. The zeta potential of -18.8 mV suggested good stability and potential for enhanced interaction with osteoblasts. The optimized formulation F5 exhibited high drug loading (87.56 %) and entrapment efficiency (85.36 %), with FESEM analysis confirming their favorable characteristics for drug delivery. The drug release profile followed a sustained pattern, with 69.60 % of the drug released over 8 hours, adhering to the Higuchi model of quasi-Fickian diffusion. The antimicrobial efficiency tests showed that these nanoparticles could maintain similar inhibitory concentrations against S. aureus as the standard clindamycin phosphate solution, indicating effective drug incorporation and sustained release. Overall, clindamycin phosphate-loaded calcium carbonate nanoparticles represent a significant advancement in systemic drug delivery systems for bone infections. The use of biodegradable calcium carbonate not only enhances biocompatibility but also holds promise in reducing healthcare costs and treatment duration. This novel approach of prepared nanoparticles releases the clindamycin phosphate in sustained manner and targeted delivery capabilities to improve treatment outcomes for patients suffering from bone infections.