OPTIMIZATION OF THE GROWTH CONDITIONS FOR THE ENHANCED PRODUCTION OF ANTI-DIABETIC MOLECULE BY PENICILLIUM SP

Diabetic mellitus, a prevalent metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycaemia, poses significant health challenges globally. This study focused on optimizing growth parameters to enhance the anti-diabetic activity of Penicillium sp 8, isolated from paddy soil. Initial screening of different media revealed that Potato Dextrose Broth (PDB) exhibited the highest anti-diabetic activity. Subsequent optimization involved determining the optimal inoculum concentration, temperature, and pH for maximum anti-diabetic metabolite production using PDB. The fungus demonstrated the highest activity at pH 3.5 and 30°C, with decreased activity observed under more alkaline conditions or higher temperatures. Mass cultivation in optimized conditions led to the production of significant quantities of anti-diabetic metabolites, primarily extracted from the fungal mat using successive solvent extraction. Ethyl acetate extract of the fungal mat exhibited the highest anti-diabetic activity, characterized by phytochemical tests revealing the presence of phenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, and carbohydrates. Chemical analysis confirmed the presence of bioactive compounds responsible for the observed anti-diabetic effects.