SMART DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS

Smart drug delivery systems are a key innovation in pharmaceutical technology that aims to enhance the efficacy and safety of therapeutic interventions. These systems integrate advanced materials, microelectronics, and responsive mechanisms to deliver drugs in a controlled, targeted, and adaptive manner. The development of smart drug delivery systems is driven by the need to improve patient compliance, minimize side effects, and optimize therapeutic outcomes. These cutting-edge delivery systems utilize various medication carriers, including nanoparticle systems such as inorganic nanoparticles (e.g., magnetic nanoparticles and quantum dots), monoclonal antibodies, microspheres, dendrimers, liposomes, and lipoproteins. The potential of smart drug delivery systems to revolutionize personalized medicine and improve treatment paradigms is critically analyzed. This paper reviews recent innovations in smart drug delivery, highlighting key technologies such as nanoparticle-based carriers, polymeric systems, and stimuli-responsive delivery platform. Emphasis is placed on the mechanisms of drug release, such as pH-sensitive, temperature-sensitive, and biologically triggered systems. Additionally, the integration of real-time monitoring and feedback mechanisms is explored, illustrating how these systems can adjust drug release rates in response to physiological changes. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of state-of-the-art technologies and their implications for advancing healthcare through intelligent and adaptable drug delivery solutions.