CAPSAICIN AS A PROMISING TREATMENT FOR NASO-RESPIRATORY DISEASES: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW

Background: Capsaicin, a bioactive compound derived from the dried fruit of the Solanaceae family, is widely recognized for its therapeutic potential. Its mechanism of action involves interaction with TRPV1 receptors, leading to analgesic effects and modulation of neurogenic inflammation. Objective: This review explores the therapeutic applications of capsaicin, particularly its role in treating non-allergic rhinitis, neuropathic pain, and inflammatory conditions. It also highlights its potential in preventing pneumonia and cluster headaches. Methods: A comprehensive review of existing clinical studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) observational studies, and systematic reviews, Randomised placebo- controlled, double blind study, Clinical case series with pre-post outcome assessment was conducted to evaluate capsaicin’s efficacy, and mechanisms of action. Special emphasis was placed on intranasal formulations and their impact on nasal sensory nerve Fibers. Results: Capsaicin has demonstrated significant benefits in reducing nasal symptoms, improving nasal airflow, and alleviating neuropathic pain. Repeated nasal applications have been shown to provide prolonged relief for idiopathic rhinitis, while intranasal capsaicin has been effective in cluster headache prevention. Studies indicate that capsaicin treatment is generally well tolerated, with minimal long-term adverse effects. Conclusion: Capsaicin is a promising therapeutic agent with diverse clinical applications. While its effectiveness in symptom relief is well-documented, further research is needed to optimize dosing regimens, explore alternative TRPV1-targeting compounds, and assess long-term safety. Capsaicin-based treatments offer a valuable approach to managing chronic conditions, paving the way for future pharmaceutical advancements.