RECENT ADVANCEMENT AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVE OF CAR-T CELL FOR MANAGEMENT OF CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA: A REVIEW

Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) is a common haematological neoplasm, mainly affecting older individuals, with a higher prevalence in males. Although treatment options have improved, CLL still presents significant challenges, especially in cases that have relapsed or are not responding to therapy. Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell The (CAR-T) treatment has arisen as available immunotherapy alternative for the treatment of CLL, harnessing patients T cells which have been designed for combat cancerous cells through genetically engineered receptors. CAR-T therapy, particularly targeting at cluster of differentiation 19 (CD19), has shown significant efficacy in managing CLL, achieving prolonged remission and MRD negativity in certain patients. Nevertheless, obstacles like T-cell exhaustion, cytokine storm, and neural toxicity remain. To address these limitations, new strategies, including armored CAR-T cells and dual-target CARs, are under investigation. Additionally, combination therapies, such as includes combining treatment of CAR-T cells using BTK inhibitors, offer the possibility of increased effectiveness. This investigation assesses the current developments combined with the prospective developments of CAR-T treatment in managing CLL, emphasizing its transformative potential while acknowledging the ongoing difficulties. Emerging trends in the design of CAR-T cells and clinical outcomes may eventually improve patient outcomes, positioning CAR-T therapy crucial therapeutic substitute for CLL in future.