PHARMACOGNOSTIC STANDARDIZATION, PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL, AND EVALUATION OF IN-VITRO ANTIDIABETIC AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY PROPERTIES OF SYNGONIUM WENDLANDII SCHOTT LEAVES

There are no recognized pharmacopoeial standards for the plant Syngonium wendlandii Schott, a member of the Araceae family. This study was conducted to evaluate potential pharmacological and physicochemical profiles and to generate comprehensive quality control measures in compliance with WHO guidelines (2002). To verify plant identity and quality, pharmacognostic evaluation was carried out using macroscopic, microscopic, physicochemical, and fluorescent tests. According to preliminaryphytochemical screening, alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, glycosides, steroids, proteins, and carbohydrates were found in the successive extracts, which were further evaluated for C and anti-inflammatory activity. The α-amylase inhibition assay was used to assess antidiabetic activity in-vitro, and the protein denaturation method was used to assess anti-inflammatory activity.Compared with the standard acarbose (IC₅₀ = 100.98 ± 0.579 μg/mL), the hydroalcoholic extract exhibited notable α-amylase inhibitory activity, with an IC₅₀of 133.52 ± 2.568 μg/mL. Comparable to acetylsalicylic acid (IC₅₀ = 77.025 ± 0.335 μg/mL), the extract demonstrated a significant reduction in protein denaturation in the anti-inflammatory experiment, with an IC₅₀ of 76.345 ± 0.025 μg/mL. Other extracts showed a moderate activity. These results provide preliminary pharmacognostic and bioactivity data for S. wendlandii and suggest that the plant may be a potential source of bioactive compounds for further research.