EFFECTS OF ANETHUM GRAVEOLENSE LINN. EXTRACT ON BILE DUCT LIGATION INDUCED HEPATIC FIBROSIS IN RATS

The present study investigated the protective role of methanolic extract from Anethum graveolense L. (AGME) on bile duct ligation (BDL) produce hepatic fibrosis in the rat. BDL rats were divided into four groups, which received orally distilled water or AGME (200 and 400 mg/kg) for continuously 28 days. The BDL induced hepatic fibrosis by anti-fibrotic effect of AGME in the rats determined by serum level of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total bilirubin (TBL), direct bilirubin (DBL), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), creatinine (CRT), glucose (GLU), triglycerides (TGL), cholesterol (CHOL), total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1) and oxidative parameter like glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), total superoxide dismutase (SOD) and nitric oxide (NO) level. Biochemical estimation was complemented by histopathological measurement of the liver. Phytochemical in AGME were determined by qualitative and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. All the serological level was elevated on treated with BDL group alone than in the sham control group (P<0.01). Treatment with AGME these elevations was mostly diminished. Also, increase in NO level, and AGME doses produced hepatic MDA in BDL induced cholestasis. Furthermore, the treatment with AGME significantly diminished the serum level of TGF-β1, fibrogenic cytokine. Histopathological finding further showed the protective effect of AGME by BDL induced liver fibrosis in rats. Phytochemical analysis of AGME shown that it contained myricetin, rutin, vitexin, hyperoside, and kaempferol was determined by AGME. These beneficial roles of AGME might be an effective antifibrotic drug in cholestatic liver disease.