A REVIEW ON ANTIPSYCHOTICS FOR SCHIZOPHRENIA

Schizophrenia is a chronic and severe mental disorder that affects how a person thinks, feels, and behaves. People with schizophrenia may seem like they have lost touch with reality. Schizophrenia is a split personality disorder which is related to mental illness. Generally, schizophrenia affects approximately 1 percent of all adults’ population. Schizophrenia is different types such as paranoid in which auditory hallucinations occur, some time disorganized schizophrenia occurs in which disorganized speech and behavior are shown. The hypothesis of schizophrenia included dopamine hypothesis, glutamatergic hypothesis, GABAergic hypothesis. Pharmacologically, they are characterized as dopamine receptor antagonists, though many of them also act on other targets, particularly 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) receptors. The antipsychotic agents are used for the treatment of schizophrenia. Based on pharmacologic action, the chemical structures of antipsychotic agents contain reserpine- like compounds, phenothiazines derivatives and compounds include various tricyclic derivatives with a central 7-membered ring to which methyl piperazine is linked. The activity of this group is widely scattered, containing among the weakest and more potent of the apomorphine antagonists.