THE POTENTIAL ROLE OF NANOTECHNOLOGY TO CONTROL OF INDUSTRIAL BIOFILM

In recent years, most researchers and interesting ones in the field of microbial biofilm documented that nanoparticles like silver, metal ions play a significant role in the biofilm approach. Here i would like to draw your attention to the modern technique in biofilm and the role of nanotechnology in combating medical resistant microbial infection. It is now realized that most bacterially derived sessile communities are capable of forming irreversible biofilms on surfaces and interfaces by embedding themselves deep in a self-generated polymeric matrix. Most of the fungal species that form biofilms do so in a similar manner; Candida and Aspergillus are fungal species of particular interest. The mechanism of biofilm formation depends on environmental stimuli and a series of genetic and phenotypic changes in planktonic cells. To date, five different stages have been suggested during biofilm development, namely, (i) reversible-irreversible adherence, (ii) microcolony formation, (iii) 3D biofilm formation, (iv) maturation, and (v) dissemination. It is believed nanotechnology-based approaches will provide promising advancements to prevent drug-resistant biofilm infections of medical devices and biomaterials. A small number of studies have reported the use of nanoparticle (NP) coated surfaces as biofilm inhibiting agents. At the nanometer scale, materials exhibit unique physicochemical and biological properties and sometimes phenomena, such as quantum effects, not exhibited by their bulk counterparts. Nanomaterial’s had a much greater surface area to volume ratios, which enhances chemical reactivities and bioactivities. Their sizes are of the same order as biomolecules that facilitate the loading of drugs and targeting entities.