EVALUATION OF ANTIDIABETIC ACTIVITY OF ECHINOCHLOA COLONA PLANT EXTRACT

The current work comprises the assessment of antidiabetic activity of chloroform, ethyl acetate, and ethanol fractions and isolation of some phytoconstituents from chloroform fraction obtained from ethanolic extract of Echinochloa colona. The antidiabetic activity was performed using streptozocin induced diabetic model in male Wistar rats (150-200 g). The best restraint results were for metformin, chloroform, ethyl acetate and ethanol fraction was 5.85 ± 0.004 (90.08%), 6.65 ± 0.004 (67.36%), 6.96 ± 0.003 (60.14%) and 7.05 ± 0.004 (58.01%) respectively, comparing controlled diabetic rats which showed a significant reduction of blood glucose level. On total cholesterol level metformin, chloroform, ethyl acetate and ethanol fraction showed decrease in total cholesterol level by 12.16 ± 0.0044 (56.98%), 13.02 ± 0.004 (53.94%), 14.17 ± 0.004 (49.87%) and 16.37 ± 0.004 (42.24%) respectively. Significantly triglyceride was decreased by 10.39 ± 0.0044 (46.49%), 13.16 ± 0.004 (32.23%), 14.06 ± 0.004 (27.60%) and 14.56 ± 0.004 (42.24%) for metformin, chloroform, ethyl acetate and ethanol fraction respectively. Three important phytoconstituents were isolated from chloroform fraction, and structures were elucidated using spectroscopic techniques.