Volume 17 (2026) - Issue 1, January
Review Articles
STRUCTURE-GUIDED DESIGN OF BETA-LACTAM ANTIBIOTICS AND BETA-LACTAMASE INHIBITORS AGAINST MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT PATHOGENS
Beta-lactam antibiotics remain essential in treating bacterial infections due to their broad-spectrum efficacy and low toxicity. However, the increasing prevalence of beta-lactamase-mediated resistance, particularly among multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria, undermines their clinical effectiveness. Recent advances in structural modification and new beta-lactamase inhibitors, such as Cefider...
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ADVANCEMENTS IN TARGETED THERAPIES FOR RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS: A COMPARATIVE REVIEW OF CONVENTIONAL AND BIOLOGICAL DISEASE-MODIFYING ANTI-RHEUMATIC DRUGS
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that causes progressive joint damage and systemic complications, leading to significant physical and socioeconomic impacts. Conventional treatments such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) often fail to halt disease progression and prevent cartilage erosion. The review compares conve...
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SCREENING APPROACHES FOR ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS: AN OVERVIEW OF METHODS
There are various screening methods which are used to evaluate antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, and antiparasitic agents for treating various infections. These methods include both traditional observational methods and advanced techniques. For antibacterial and antifungal agents, the focus is on high-throughput methods that assess bacterial and fungal growth and viability. Antiviral screening...
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LUTEIN AND ZEAXANTHIN: CLINICAL INSIGHTS INTO THEIR ROLE IN EYE AND OVERALL HEALTH
Lutein, a xanthophyll carotenoid found in most of the leafy greens and medicinal plants, promotes eye health by filtering blue light and reducing oxidative stress. It gathers in the macula, helping shield the eyes from conditions like age-related macular degeneration, cataracts, and diabetic retinopathy. This review compiles information from databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect,...
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THERAPEUTIC EFFECTS OF VYAGHRI JEERAKA AVALEHA IN RESPIRATORY ALLERGIC DISORDERS: A COMPENDIUM REVIEW
Respiratory Allergic Disorders (RADs), including asthma and allergic rhinitis, are increasingly prevalent, especially among children, and significantly affect quality of life. The limitations of conventional therapies in ensuring long-term relief have prompted the search for alternative remedies. Ayurveda attributes RADs to vitiation of Vata and Kapha doshas and considers impaired immunity due to ...
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PHARMACOTHERAPEUTIC APPROACH IN H. PYLORI INFECTION: CURRENT INSIGHT
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection remains one of the most prevalent chronic bacterial infections globally, contributing significantly to the pathogenesis of gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma, and gastric cancer. Over the past few decades, treatment regimens have evolved significantly due to increasing antibiotic resistance, varied geographic...
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NANOMEDICINE FOR HUNTINGTON’S DISEASE: A REVIEW OF CURRENT STRATEGIES, CHALLENGES, AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS
Mutations in the HTT gene cause Huntington's disease (HD), a hereditary neurological disorder. These mutations lead to the accumulation of the mutant huntingtin protein, which results in neuronal dysfunction and progressively worsening mental, cognitive, and physical symptoms. In Western populations, the prevalence of HD ranges from 10.6 to 13.7 cases per 100,000. Huntington's disease does not yet...
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ANTI-GOUT AND ANTI-ARTHRITIC ACTIVITY OF MEDICINAL PLANTS: A SCIENTIFIC REVIEW
Gout and arthritis are prevalent and debilitating inflammatory disorders that primarily affect the joints, leading to intense pain, swelling, stiffness, and restricted mobility. These conditions significantly impair the quality of life and often require long-term management. While conventional pharmacological treatments such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), corticosteroids, and u...
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ASPECTS OF 3D PRINTING IN PHARMACEUTICAL TECHNOLOGY: CURRENT SCENARIO AND ITS FUTURE PERSPECTIVE
The use of 3D printing in the pharmaceutical industry is a relatively recent development that has attracted a lot of attention since it has many advantages over more conventional pharmaceutical manufacturing methods. The design of an appropriate 3D printing system that can produce formulations with the desired drug release may be made possible by technological advancements. The ability of printing...
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A REVIEW ON HERBAL REMEDIES TO COUNTER THE EFFECT OF MONKEYPOX DISEASE
Monkeypox is a zoonotic disease, which refers to its ability to be transmitted between animals and humans. The symptoms of the disease are similar to those of smallpox. However, the symptom, swollen lymph nodes, has been observed as the symptom that differentiates it from smallpox. The disease has been a cause of concern around the world due to its high rate of transmission. The most common sympto...
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AYURVEDIC THERAPEUTIC APPROACHES FOR AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW
Abstract: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental condition characterized by impairments in social interaction, communication, and behavior, often accompanied by delays in motor and verbal development. Its prevalence has significantly increased over recent decades. In Ayurvedic literature, the term Unmada encompasses a spectrum of psychiatric disorders and can be correlated ...
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BEYOND NUTRITION: IS BREAST MILK A NATURAL PAINKILLER? INSIGHTS FROM SCIENCE & AYURVEDA
Background: Breast milk is known for its nutritional and immunological benefits, but its potential as a natural analgesic for infants is less explored. This review examines the analgesic properties of breast milk from both scientific and Ayurvedic perspectives. Objectives: To present modern scientific discoveries regarding breast milk's analgesic potential, explore Ayurvedic perspectives on its he...
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RECENT ADVANCEMENT AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVE OF CAR-T CELL FOR MANAGEMENT OF CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA: A REVIEW
Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) is a common haematological neoplasm, mainly affecting older individuals, with a higher prevalence in males. Although treatment options have improved, CLL still presents significant challenges, especially in cases that have relapsed or are not responding to therapy. Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell The (CAR-T) treatment has arisen as available immunotherapy alter...
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DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF HYDROGEL FOR TOPICAL PAIN RELIEF: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW
Hydrogels are semi-solid, three-dimensional polymeric systems capable of holding large amounts of water, making them ideal for topical drug delivery, especially in pain management. This review explores hydrogel formulation and its application in topical pain relief. Hydrogels are classified based on origin, polymer type, cross-linking method, and responsiveness to stimuli. Their advantages include...
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EMERGING TRENDS IN IN-SITU GELLING NANOTECHNOLOGY FOR OCULAR DRUG DELIVERY
The most serious health issues facing the world today are blindness and vision impairment, which have a significant financial and societal cost. Delivering drugs to specific ocular regions is challenging due to the eye anatomical and physiological elimination mechanisms. When drugs are instilled to the eye using traditional delivery systems, their ocular bioavailability is low. These methods can a...
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SMART BIODEGRADABLE NANOCARRIERS FOR CONTROLLED AND SITE-SPECIFIC CANCER TREATMENT
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), cancer is the second leading cause of death globally, following ischemic heart disease. As of 2020, cancer accounted for approximately 10 million deaths-equating one in six worldwide. Although many cancers can be cured if detected early, but conventional chemotherapy faces serious limitations, including systemic toxicity, poor selectivity, and dama...
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PATENT-INTEGRATED REVIEW ON BIOANALYTICAL METHODS FOR RECENT ANTIVIRAL AND ANTIBACTERIAL DRUGS
This review article delivers an in-depth examination of the bioanalytical methodologies and associated patented innovations for antiviral and antibacterial drugs from 2015 to 2025. The rapid global spread of infectious diseases, including COVID-19 and drug-resistant bacterial infections, has necessitated accelerated pharmaceutical advancements supported by robust analytical frameworks. The paper f...
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IN-VITRO ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ASSESSMENT OF PLANT-DERIVED NATURAL PRODUCTS AS NOVEL DRUG LEADS
Inflammation is considered as a biological response of the human body that counteracts harmful stimuli by activating different anti-inflammatory cellular signaling pathways to maintain good health and well-being. However, the persistence of inflammation in tissue or organ may lead to adverse chronic inflammatory responses resulting in diseases of chronic nature. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory dru...
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Research Articles
TARGETING DIHYDROFOLATE REDUCTASE (DHFR) ENZYME: SYNTHESIS, IN-VITRO BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION, AND MOLECULAR MODELLING OF NOVEL TETRAHYDROPYRIMIDINE AND DIHYDROPYRIDINE DERIVATIVES
The increasing prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens has severely undermined the efficacy of conventional antibiotics, necessitating the development of novel antimicrobial agents. Dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), a crucial enzyme in bacterial DNA synthesis, presents a validated target for the design of new antimicrobial therapies. In this study, a new series of pyrazolyl-pyrimidine and ...
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FORMULATION, STANDARDIZATION, PHARMACOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION OF THE ANTI-INFLAMMATORY POTENTIAL OF RASNA ERANDADI KWATH: AN IN-VITRO EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH
Inflammation is the body’s natural response to injury, infection, or tissue damage, characterized by redness, swelling, heat, pain, and functional changes. While conventional Anti-Inflammatory drugs are effective, their prolonged use can lead to adverse effects, prompting the search for safer, natural alternatives. Ayurvedic herbal decoctions like Rasna Erandadi Kwath, Sareevadi Kwatham, and Ras...
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ANALYTICAL METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR (S)-(-)-AMLODIPINE-O, O-DI-P-TOLUOYL-D-TARTRATE BY HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY
A novel, robust, and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was successfully developed and validated for the quantitative determination of (S)-(-)-amlodipine-o, o-di-p-toluoyl-D-tartrate, a crucial chiral intermediate in pharmaceutical synthesis. The analysis was carried out on a reversed-phase C18 column using a mobile phase comprising acetonitrile and phosphate buffer (pH...
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EXTRACTION AND UTILIZATION OF FISH SCALE-DERIVED GELATIN IN 3D PRINTING: A SUSTAINABLE APPROACH
Freshwater fish scales are an abundant and versatile source of high-quality gelatin, with benefits including improved thermal stability, reduced risk of endotoxic shock and zoonotic disease transmission. This work outlines characteristics of gelatin extracted from fish scale and its applicability in 3D bioprinting. The extracted gelatin has molecular weight ranging from 250-280 kDa and is >99% ...
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IN-SILICO EVALUATION OF MOEXIPRIL AGAINST ACE ENZYME
On computers, in-silico studies are typically carried out where we forecast how any new compound would interact with the proteins found in our bodies or with any outside particles. Molecular docking, target site & adverse reaction of any newly created molecule, together with cell simulation, are all performed in an in-silico study. The advantage of in-silico research over other techniques is t...
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HEPATOPROTECTIVE ACTIVITY OF BARLERIA CRISTATA LINN. (WHOLE PLANT)
The present study evaluated the hepatoprotective potential of Barleria cristata extracts petroleum ether (BCL-PE) and ethanol (BCL-EE) against carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄)-induced toxicity in cultured Chang liver cells. CCl₄ is a known hepatotoxin that generates reactive oxygen species, causing oxidative damage and cell death in liver tissues. The cytotoxicity of CCl₄ was assessed using the M...
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ANTIFUNGAL SUSCEPTIBILITY PROFILING OF FUNGAL ISOLATES RECOVERED FROM PHARMACEUTICAL WASTE SITES AND THEIR CHARACTERIZATION AS SOURCE OF BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS
Background: The emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) among different microbial species increases mortality and morbidity rates and makes healthcare services unaffordable. The pace in acquiring resistance to antimicrobial agents stresses the dire need for novel drug discoveries and defining new drug targets. Objectives: The present study aimed to isolate and identify the fungi from pharmaceu...
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FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF KETOROLAC TROMETHAMINE-LOADED NIOSOMAL GELS FOR ENHANCED TOPICAL DRUG DELIVERY
This study focuses on the formulation, characterization, and evaluation of Ketorolac Tromethamine-loaded niosomal gels intended for topical drug delivery. Niosomes were prepared using span 60 and cholesterol in varying ratios by thin-film hydration method, and the optimized niosomal dispersion was incorporated into different hydrogel bases including Carbopol 971P, Xanthan gum, HPMC, and Eudragit S...
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EFFECT OF JEEVAMRUTHAM ON THE CULTIVATION OF LEAFY VEGETABLE BASELLA RUBRA L.
The growing emphasis on sustainable agriculture has intensified interest in organic inputs such as Jeevamrutham, a traditional fermented formulation derived from cow dung, cow urine, jaggery, pulse flour, and soil. This study aimed to assess the effect of Jeevamrutham on the cultivation of Basella rubra L., a nutrient-rich leafy vegetable of the Basellaceae family. Field experiments were conducted...
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SOPHISTICATED INSTRUMENTAL ANALYSIS OF NOVEL SIDDHA FORMULATION NAVAMANI CHENDURAM THROUGH MODERN TECHNIQUES
Navamani Chenduram (NC) is one of the metallic preparations mentioned in the classical Siddha literature “Sikitcha Rathina Deepam” which is indicated mainly to treat female reproductive diseases like amenorrhea, ovarian tumor and ascites. Preparing the Trial drug in accordance with the standard operating procedure and put through a number of studies to ensure its safety, effectiveness, purity,...
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IN-SILICO EXPLORATION OF CHYAWANPRASH PHYTOCONSTITUENTS BINDING AFFINITY WITH KEY TARGETS OF HUMAN METAPNEUMOVIRUS
Background: Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV) remains a significant respiratory pathogen without specific antiviral therapy. Traditional Ayurvedic formulations like Dabur Chyawanprash, composed of numerous medicinal plants, may harbor bioactive compounds with antiviral potential. This study explores phytochemicals from Chyawanprash alongside FDA approved drugs; Ribavirin, Penicillin V and Ibuprofen for...
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EVALUATION OF DRUG UTILIZATION PATTERNS IN GERIATRIC PATIENTS WITH HYPERTENSION AND TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS AT A TERTIARY CARE RURAL HOSPITAL
Introduction: The elderly population has been defined as people who are older than 60 years. Essential Hypertension and Type 2 diabetes mellitus are rapidly emerging as public health problems among the geriatric population. WHO Core Drug Prescribing Indicators are used to measure Drug Utilization Patterns because it serve as the foundation for implementing changes to drug dispensing policies at th...
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EXPLORING THE ETIOLOGY OF FEMALE INFERTILITY IN INDIA: A NATIONWIDE SURVEY ANALYSIS
Background: Female infertility is a substantial but sometimes disregarded factor in infertility in couples. The problem is made more difficult to resolve by social shame, cultural hurdles, and a dearth of thorough data on female infertility. Aims and Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the current clinical practices, diagnostic approaches, and management strategies for female infertility amon...
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UNVEILING THE BURDEN OF PARATYPHOID FEVER: A SEROPREVALENCE STUDY FROM NORTH INDIA
Introduction: Paratyphoid fever is an enteric infection caused primarily by Salmonella enterica serovars Paratyphi A, Paratyphi B and Paratyphi C. It accounts roughly for 20-30% of total enteric fever cases globally, and this proportion is rising, particularly where typhoid vaccination efforts are underway. The current study was planned to determine the seroprevalence of paratyphoid fever and the ...
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VACCINATION COVERAGE AGAINST INFLUENZA AND PNEUMOCOCCAL INFECTIONS IN ADULTS WITH RESPIRATORY DISORDERS – NEED FOR COMPREHENSIVE INTERVENTION
Adults with chronic respiratory conditions are at heightened risk for preventable lung infections, yet vaccine uptake against influenza and pneumococcal diseases remains suboptimal. This hospital-based cross-sectional study aimed to assess factors influencing vaccination coverage and identify individuals who may benefit from targeted interventions. A total of 118 adult patients attending an outpat...
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ANALYSIS OF SERIOUS ADVERSE EVENTS FOLLOWING IMMUNIZATION IN CHILDREN BELOW THE AGE OF 5 YEARS – A BIOVIGILANCE STUDY
Background: The WHO has defined AEFI (Adverse events following immunization) as “any untoward medical occurrence which follows immunization and which does not necessarily have a causal relationship with the vaccine usage”. The incidence was 13.7% in our country. Vaccine safety surveillance studies are the need of the hour in developing countries to maintain public trust in vaccines since there...
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A STUDY ON CAREGIVER STRESS AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG INFORMAL CAREGIVERS OF ELDERLY PEOPLE
Introduction: Demographic trends have shown an increase in geriatric population. On growing older, they will become dependent on family or informal caregivers. Caregiver stress is experienced when chronic life strains and coping mechanisms challenge the capacity of an informal caregiver. Objective: The study is aimed to assess the caregiver stress and associated factors among informal caregivers. ...
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INTERNET ADDICTION AMONG UNDERGRADUATE MEDICAL STUDENTS IN NORTHEAST INDIA- A MIXED METHOD STUDY
Background: The internet has become an integral part of daily life, with its usage growing exponentially. However, excessive use may lead to addictive behaviors and mental health challenges. Medical undergraduates are particularly susceptible due to their extensive engagement with online platforms. Aim: To estimate the prevalence and pattern of internet addiction among medical undergraduates and e...
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KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE REGARDING DRUG-DRUG INTERACTIONS AMONG THE MODERN MEDICAL PRACTITIONERS IN A TERTIARY CARE INSTITUTION IN NORTHERN KERALA
Background: Drug–drug interactions (DDI’s) are a common yet often preventable cause of adverse drug events, particularly in settings involving polypharmacy. Awareness and vigilance among prescribers are essential to minimize therapeutic failures and patient harm. Despite their clinical significance, knowledge and practices surrounding DDIs remain suboptimal in many healthcare environments. Aim...
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A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY TO DETERMINE THE EFFECT OF OBESITY ON PULMONARY FUNCTION TESTS USING “BODY BOX PLETHYSMOGRAPHY”
Introduction: As compared to healthy weight subjects, obese individuals are more susceptible to respiratory infections and obese patients with respiratory disease have higher hospitalization rates. This cross-sectional study was conducted to observe the effect of obesity on pulmonary function tests in otherwise healthy adults. Materials and Methods: Study comprised of 180 subjects in the age group...
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PREVALENCE OF HYPOTHYROIDISM IN PAEDIATRIC PATIENTS WITH NEPHROTIC SYNDROME ADMITTED IN A TERTIARY MEDICAL COLLEGE AND HOSPITAL OF ASSAM, INDIA
Background: Nephrotic syndrome is a kidney disorder characterized by heavy proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, and often hyperlipidemia. Thyroid hormones play a crucial role in growth, development, and overall metabolic function. In the circulatory system, these hormones are primarily bound to specific proteins for proper distribution and regulation throughout the body. The substantial loss of these bin...
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PREVALENCE OF VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY IN ELDERLY PATIENTS PRESENTING WITH FRACTURES IN A TERTIARY CARE SETUP OF ASSAM: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Vitamin D deficiency can lead to osteoporosis and increase risk of fracture. We tried to determine prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency in elderly population of Northeast India presenting with fracture and formulate some preventive measures especially in elderly patients. Elderly patients, more than 60 yrs of age, presenting with some sort of fractures, were subjected to predetermined Questionnaire ...
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