Volume 17 (2026) - Issue 9, September
Review Articles
DRUG CLASSES USED IN FORMULATION DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF HIV PREVENTION MICROBICIDES
Topical microbicides have proved to be an important tool for prevention of HIV transmission in women of reproductive age. Large populations studies including CAPRISA 004, VOICE, DREAM and FACTS001 proved 50-60% efficacy could be achieved with good adherence. These studies have shown the success of microbicides to be largely dependent of patient adherence, partner consent, multiple dosing requireme...
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THERAPEUTIC ROLE OF VITEXAGNUS-CASTUS PCOS AND HORMONAL DYSREGULATION: A REVIEW
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrine disorder characterized by hormonal imbalance, ovarian dysfunction, and metabolic complications, significantly impacting women’s reproductive health and quality of life. It is mainly characterized by hyperandrogenism, menstrual irregularities, and hormonal dysfunctions, which canlead to infertility and metabolic difficulties such as type 2...
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CONVENTIONAL AND EMERGING MUCOADHESIVE POLYMERS FOR DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS: BIOADHESIVE PROPERTIES, STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS, AND PHARMACEUTICAL APPLICATIONS
Mucoadhesive drug delivery systems represent an advanced strategy in pharmaceutical formulation design, utilizing polymers that enable prolonged contact between the drug delivery system and mucosal surfaces. The term mucoadhesion refers to the ability of a formulation containing a suitable natural or synthetic polymer to adhere to mucus layers or epithelial tissues. These systems have gained consi...
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A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF TAGARA (VALERIANA WALLICHII): BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION, TRADITIONAL USES, PHYTOCHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS, AND THERAPEUTIC POTENTIAL
Valeriana wallichii DC. (Valerianaceae), known as Tagara, is a slightly hairy, tufted perennial herb growing 15-45 cm tall. It has a thick, horizontal rhizome with many fibrous roots and bears small white to pale pink flowers in compact terminal corymbs. It is valued for sedative, anxiolytic, antioxidant, and antidepressant properties. This review aims to provide a detailed and updated overview of...
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ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN CANCER DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT PLANNING: A NEW FRONTIER
Artificial intelligence (AI) has recently gained significant attention as a decision-support system used in cancer diagnosis and treatment planning. Deep learning (DL) and machine learning (ML) methods make it possible to analyze and process complex and heterogeneous medical information, such as imaging, histopathology, genomics, and electronic health records. These methods have shown promise in t...
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THERAPEUTIC POTENTIAL OF TRYUSHNADI MANDURA IN IRON-DEFICIENCY ANEMIA: A REVIEW
Background: Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a major global health problem, especially affecting children, women, and pregnant females. In Ayurveda, IDA can be correlated with Pandu Roga, which is associated with impaired digestion (Mandagni) and defective formation of Rakta Dhatu. Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is the most frequent hematological disorder in children, with an incidence in industriali...
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MARINE DERIVED BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS IN OSCC MANAGEMENT: EXPLORING BUCCAL HYDROGEL SYSTEMS AS LOCALIZED DELIVERY
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains associated with high recurrence and treatment- related morbidity despite advances in conventional therapy. Marine-derived bioactive compounds exhibit promising anticancer activity through apoptosis induction and modulation of oncogenic signaling; however, their clinical translation is limited by poor solubility, instability and inadequate local retention...
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ETHOSOMES: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW
Ethosomes are novel vesicular carriers with high concentrations of ethanol and phospholipids, increasingly investigated for the delivery of drugs through the skin and into the body. Ethosomes are more effective than traditional carriers like liposomes in enhancing skin permeation by disrupting the lipid bilayer of the stratum corneum, allowing efficient delivery of both polar and non-polar drugs i...
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Research Articles
DEVELOPMENT OF NOVEL MONK FRUIT SWEETENERS: SIAMENOSIDE I
The increasing demand for natural, low-calorie sweeteners has driven innovation beyond first-generation plant derived glycosides. While advanced steviol glycosides such as rebaudioside M have achieved commercial success, mogrosides from Siraitia grosvenorii and Siamenoside I from Siraitia siamensis are emerging as promising next-generation monk fruit sweeteners. These cucurbitane type triterpene g...
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MOLECULAR DOCKING ANALYSIS OF HETEROCYCLIC LIGANDS TARGETING NUDT5 PROTEIN IN BREAST CANCER
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy affecting women worldwide. Molecular docking is an important computational technique in drug discovery interaction between ligands and target proteins. In present study docking analysis binding affinity of 51 heterocyclic ligands against the breast cancer target protein NUDT5 (PDB ID:5NWH) are nucleotide- metabolizing enzymes (NUDIX) hydrolases. It p...
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PREDICTORS OF TREATMENT OUTCOME AMONG SPUTUM POSITIVE ADULT PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS PATIENTS IN NORTH INDIA: A PROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY
Background: India is one of the highest TB burden countries with an annual incidence 199 TB cases/100,000 population and the estimated death rate in the year 2023 among all forms of TB was 23/100,000 population. The variables like undernutrition or malnutrition at treatment initiation, low BMI, presence of comorbidities and severe stunting were associated with unfavourable TB treatment outcomes. M...
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TEMPORAL EVALUATION OF BEETROOT JUICE SUPPLEMENTATION ON REDOX HOMEOSTASIS IN HIGH ALTITUDE EXPOSED INDIVIDUALS
High altitude hypoxia exposure contributes in oxidative stress, leading to cellular damage and disrupting normal cellular function. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of beetroot juice (BRJ) supplementation on oxidative stress, inflammation and neuroendocrine changes imposed in individuals upon high altitude exposure. This was a randomized controlled, longitudinal study conducte...
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EVALUATION OF ML-ASSISTED COFORMER SCREENING FOR CO-CRYSTAL DESIGN OF ANTI CANCER AND IMMUNOMODULATORY DRUG
A stable multicomponent crystalline phase involving an anti-cancer agent (5-Fluorouracil, 5-FU) and an immunomodulator (Levamisole, LM) was developed through a systematic descriptor-guided screening workflow. Binary 5-FU/LM combinations failed to yield new solid phases, as assessed by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), a finding rooted in the complete absence of hydrogen bond donor fu...
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SLCO1B1 RS2306283 (C.388A>G) POLYMORPHISM IS ASSOCIATED WITH ALTERED RESPONSE TO ATORVASTATIN IN PATIENTS WITH METABOLIC SYNDROME
Background: Organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B1 (OATP1B1), encoded by the SLCO1B1 gene, plays an important role in hepatic uptake of atorvastatin. Genetic polymorphisms in SLCO1B1 may alter atorvastatin response. Objective: To assess the association of SLCO1B1 rs2306283 (c.388A>G) polymorphism with lipid lowering response to atorvastatin in patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS) attendi...
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EFFICIENT VOLTAMMETRIC DETERMINATION OF NIFEDIPINE AT PENCIL GRAPHITE BLEND PASTE ELECTRODE
Pencil graphite electrodes were quite useful in voltammetric studies of wide range of organic compounds with biological and industrial significance. In the present research, HB pencil graphite paste electrode with 15% pencil 8B grade was fabricated. Cyclic voltammetry was used to investigate the electrochemical reduction mechanism of nifedipine at the electrode. The peak due to 4e- and 4H+ reducti...
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IN-SILICO PHARMACOGENOMIC ANALYSIS OF SLC5A2 AND UGT1A9 VARIANTS RELEVANT TO SGLT2 INHIBITOR RESPONSE IN THE INDIAN DIABETIC POPULATION
Background: Interindividual variability in response to sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors may be influenced by genetic polymorphisms affecting drug transport and metabolism. Variants in the SLC5A2 and UGT1A9 genes may influence therapeutic response, pharmacokinetics, and susceptibility to adverse effects associated with SGLT2 inhibitors. However, population-specific pharmacogenomic ...
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ANALYSIS OF ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS SPONTANEOUSLY REPORTED IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL AT HOSUR TAMIL NADU, USING WHO-UMC CAUSALITY ASSESSMENT SCALE: A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY
Background: Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are a global health concern, contributing to morbidity, prolonged hospital stays, and increased healthcare costs. In India, underreporting and inconsistent causality assessment hinder pharmacovigilance. WHO UMC scale standardizes ADR classification; semi urban hospital data remain limited. Objective: To systematically analyze ADRs reported in a semi urban ...
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IN-SILICO EXPERIMENTAL VALIDATION OF RUTIN FROM CITRUS MEDICA L. FOR ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY POTENTIAL
Oxidative stress and chronic inflammation play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of several non-communicable disorders, including neurodegenerative, metabolic, and cardiovascular diseases. Plant-derived flavonoids have gained increasing scientific attention owing to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Citrus medica L. (citron), an ethnomedicinal citrus fruit, is recognized as a va...
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KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES, AND PRACTICES TOWARD GENERIC MEDICINES IN DELHI, INDIA: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Background: Generic medicines are cost-effective alternatives to branded medicines with comparable quality, safety, and efficacy. Despite government initiatives promoting their use in India, their utilization remains inconsistent. Objective: To assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding generic medicines among an urban population in Delhi, India. Methods: A cross-sectional stud...
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ASSESSMENT OF SAFETY AND ACCURACY OF AI CHATBOTS IN BIOCHEMICAL REPORT INTERPRETATION AND DRUG RECOMMENDATIONS
Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots are increasingly explored as clinical decision-support tools. However, their accuracy and safety in biochemical report interpretation and pharmacotherapy recommendations remain insufficiently evaluated. Objective: To assess the accuracy, safety, consistency, and error patterns of AI chatbots in interpreting biochemical data and providing pharmacolo...
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CLINICAL PATTERNS AND CHARACTERISTICS OF CHRONIC SUPPURATIVE OTITIS MEDIA AMONG SCHOOL-AGED CHILDREN PRESENTING TO A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE
Background: Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media (CSOM) is a common childhood ear disease that can adversely affect hearing, speech and language development, educational performance, and quality of life. Information on the clinical profile and associated characteristics of affected children is important for planning preventive and management strategies, particularly in resource-limited settings. Metho...
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