Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2019 in |
Probiotics are live microorganisms that when introduced orally positively contribute to the activity of the intestinal microflora and the health of its host. Various studies showed that probiotics are potentially able to contribute to treatments of many diseases. They may not cure any disease, but can significantly improve the patient’s condition and also can prevent many infections. Recent studies confirmed that gut microbiota has a direct connection to the behavior and development of the brain. This review is done in two parts. The first part discusses how micro-encapsulation can improve targeted delivery of probiotics where second part discusses the effects of probiotics on various diseases. On the first half of this review, we will see micro-encapsulation allows core ingredients or probiotics to be separated from the environment by a protective coating which can enhance shelf-life of probiotics. The objective of this review is to study the efficiency of different encapsulation materials and methods to understand and control the delivery of probiotic by the conventional method to improve drug uptake,...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2019 in |
Gliflozin drugs is the sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor is the newly developed class of oral hypoglycaemic agents used for the treatment of the type-II diabetes mellitus. This class approved by food and drug administration in 2013 for the treatment of diabetes, with a unique mechanism of action. SLGT-2 proteins are macromolecule reabsorb the filtered glucose molecule from (PCT) in the kidney. This class of drugs block SGLT-2 protein from the site of the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) in the kidney, resulting in prevent reabsorption of a glucose molecule and allow excretion of glucose molecule through urine. By this mechanism, the gliflozins drug lowers the blood glucose level in the body.SGLT-2 inhibitors are the newest class of anti-diabetic drugs grab more attention when it is used in combination with insulin and other anti-diabetic drugs. Gliflozins shows various adverse effect such as ketoacidosis, urinary tract infection, bone fracture, and foot and leg amputation. This article explained pathogenesis and pathophysiology of type-II diabetes mellitus with a detailed mechanism of action of a...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2019 in |
Nanotechnology has brought about a significant change in the drug delivery system. A plethora of BCS class II drugs are formulated as solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) due to its poor solubility and bioavailability and has potential applications in drug delivery system. The formulation of SLN involves use of a different type of surfactants and lipids in different concentrations which has shown a greater impact on various physicochemical parameters such as entrapment efficiency, drug release, particle size, zeta potential, storage and stability of the drug. Apart from its unique size-dependent property, merits and demerits, different excipients characterization technique, scale up, storage and stability are...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2019 in |
Conventional oral dosage forms posses low bioavailability problems due to their rapid gastric transition from the stomach. Especially some drug which is less soluble in alkaline pH and producing local action in the stomach gets rapidly emptied and do not get enough residence time in the stomach. As a result, there is a requirement of increased frequency of dose. To overcome such type of problems various efforts have been made by developing the gastro-retentive drug delivery system. The gastro-retentive drug delivery system comprised mainly of floating, mucoadhesive, swellable and high-density systems have emerged as a current approach of enhancing the bioavailability and controlled delivery of drugs that exhibit an absorption window. So, oral controlled release and site-specific drug delivery system has been of great interest in the pharmaceutical field to achieve an improved therapeutic advantage. In this review, we have discussed the various approaches to produce gastro retention of drug delivery system, with special discussion on floating in-situ gel system for stomach specific drug delivery. As it offers several...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2019 in |
Multifunctional excipients are class of excipients that includes pre-processed and co-processed excipients that provide added functionalities to the formulation. Functionality is a desirable property of the material that aids manufacturing and improves the quality and performance of the material. This review article reveals with the functionality evaluation of excipients that include surrogate functionality and explicit functionality of excipient. The surrogate functionality gives information that predicts whether or not a particular excipient is likely to have the requisite functionality to produce a product that will meet finished product specifications in all respects. The explicit functionality means the ability of excipient to develop an appropriate formulation of a drug and a useful manufacturing process to create a tablet. Compactibility of excipient is a capability of the material to form coherent agglomerates after compression, has been analyzed by compact density, tensile strength, solid fraction, bonding index, etc. The compatibility mainly depends upon the material property like plastic and...
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