Posted by admin on Jan 31, 2019 in |
This study aimed to introduce antibacterial nanofibers, produced by electrospinning as a novel technique in constructing nanostructured materials. In the electrospinning technique, a high voltage is applied to a polymer solution to overcome the surface tension. A charged polymer jet is ejected to a grounded electrode. As the solvent is evaporated, the electrospun fiber with diameter from micrometer to nanometer is formed. One of the most important features of electrospun nanofibers stated in this paper is their activity as effective carriers of antibacterial substances, which leads to the use of them in many fields such as food packaging, drug delivery, wound healing, filtration, and food sciences. An electrospun nanofiber containing antimicrobial agents indicates excellent antibacterial functions against a wide spectrum of bacteria and sustain the antibacterial activity over a long period. In general, several aspects of antibacterial nanofibers, including synthesize, applications, types of antibacterial agents combined with them such as essential oils, herbal bioactive components, metals, drugs, and peptides have been...
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Posted by admin on Jan 31, 2019 in |
This review summarizes the health benefits of Tender Coconut Water (TCW). TCW is a natural, healthy, nutritious drink from coconut tree widely grown in tropical countries. Indonesia is the larger country with the largest coconut growing country in the world. The active compounds in TCW include methionine, L-arginine, cytokines, selenium, vitamin C, and Zn, Mn and Cu. L-arginine is present in TCW significantly reduce the free radical generation, TCW Also contains vitamin C that significantly reduces lipid peroxidation when Introduced in rats. L-arginine was able to increase glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity in rat exposed to plumbum. Cytokinin is a potent antioxidant against free radical-induced cell damage. Selenium is one of the micronutrients that form the enzyme GPx. Methionine is an amino acid containing sulfur that can be used as a source of thiols and plays a role in the synthesis of glutathione. The TCW of 5-7 months of age is about 500-750 mL; depending on the maturity and varieties of coconut. The older the coconut, the less water it...
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Posted by admin on Jan 31, 2019 in |
Enzymes are the protein molecule that acts as a catalyst for various biological reactions. The enzymes have a major role in designing the dose of the drug. Enzymes have a vital role as metabolizer of the xenobiotic. The activity or the mode of action of enzymes determines the bioavailability of drugs. The presystemic metabolism of the drug monitored by the gut wall and hepatic enzymes can increase or decrease the bioavailability. The drastic presystemic metabolism of the drug may reduce the amount of the drug reaches into the systemic circulation. Means enzymes are one of the keys that control the therapeutic action. It can be assumed that an increase in drug concentration followed by an oral administration of the drug can be achieved by inhibiting the metabolizing enzymes. A study has been conducted on this which claims so many therapeutic applications of enzyme inhibition. The principle of enzyme inhibition can be used for treating various diseases like mammary cancer various infectious diseases and even for chemoprevention. The enzyme inhibition achieves a greater increase in the bioavailability of drugs. Thus, inhibiting the metabolizing enzyme can be...
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Posted by admin on Jan 31, 2019 in |
Plants are an important source for the discovery of new products of medicinal value for drug development and plants secondary metabolites are unique sources for pharmaceuticals food additives, flavors, and other industrial values. The commercial importance of these secondary metabolites has resulted in a great interest in its production and in exploring possibilities of enhancing its production using tissue culture technology in recent years. A good number of abstracts and research articles published, so far, for evaluating antioxidant, the anti-microbial and anti-diabetic activity of different secondary metabolites which have been extracted from various plants. In this article, we reviewed bioactivity of flavonoids, alkaloids, and phytosterols of total 18 different plants. Out of which, total of 10 plants were found to show antioxidant potential, 9 plants were found to show anti-microbial potential, and 9 plants were found to show the anti-diabetic potential of secondary metabolites. Root, stem, leaves, fruits, and flowers of various plants were found to possess secondary metabolites to show bioactivity. So this article will be a comprehensive...
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2018 in |
The oral route is considered to be the most preferred route for administration of drugs for systemic effect, but the oral route is not suitable to the administration of drug for lower gastrointestinal (GI) diseases, this happened due to their release at upper GI tract (stomach, small intestine), which further minimizes the accessibility of drugs at the lower GI tract. To overcome this difficulty, colon-specific drug delivery systems have been broadly analyzed during the last two decades. Colonic drug delivery has gained increased importance not just for the delivery of the drugs for the treatment of local diseases associated with the colon like Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, etc. but also for the systemic delivery of proteins, therapeutic peptides, anti-asthmatic drugs, antihypertensive drugs, and anti-diabetic agents. This review article discusses, in brief, the introduction of the colon, factor affecting the colonic transition, colonic diseases and the novel and emerging technologies for colon targeting....
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