Posted by admin on Jun 30, 2025 in |
Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TTC) is a transient cardiac condition characterized by acute left ventricular dysfunction. While traditionally considered a left ventricular disorder, growing evidence suggests that right ventricular (RV) involvement is more common and clinically significant than initially thought. This review provides a comprehensive overview of RV involvement in TTC, focusing on its prevalence, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic approaches, and management considerations. Recent studies estimate the prevalence of RV involvement in TTC at 25-50% of cases. The pathophysiology is complex, involving catecholamine surge, microvascular dysfunction, and ventricular interdependence. RV involvement is associated with worse clinical outcomes, including higher mortality and complication rates. Diagnosis relies on multimodal imaging, primarily echocardiography and cardiac MRI, along with biomarkers and hemodynamic assessment. Management of TTC with RV involvement requires a tailored approach, balancing supportive care with potential need for mechanical circulatory support. Challenges in diagnosis and management include differentiating from other conditions and limited RV-specific therapies. Special populations, such as the elderly and those with chronic lung disease, present unique considerations. Recent advances in...
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Posted by admin on Jun 30, 2025 in |
Cardiac sarcoidosis, a systemic inflammatory disease characterized by the formation of non-caseating granulomas, poses significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to its variable clinical presentation and potential for severe complications. This article reviews recent advancements in the diagnosis and treatment of cardiac sarcoidosis, emphasizing the importance of early recognition and intervention. Diagnostic strategies have evolved, incorporating advanced imaging modalities such as cardiac MRI and PET-CT scans, alongside endomyocardial biopsy for definitive confirmation. Treatment options have expanded beyond conventional immunosuppression to include targeted therapies and device-based interventions like implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) for arrhythmia management. The impact of timely diagnosis on patient outcomes underscores the critical role of heightened clinical suspicion and interdisciplinary collaboration among cardiologists, pulmonologists, and rheumatologists. This review consolidates current evidence and expert recommendations to guide clinicians in optimizing care for patients with cardiac sarcoidosis, highlighting ongoing research efforts aimed at further improving diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic...
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Posted by admin on Jun 30, 2025 in |
Smart drug delivery systems are a key innovation in pharmaceutical technology that aims to enhance the efficacy and safety of therapeutic interventions. These systems integrate advanced materials, microelectronics, and responsive mechanisms to deliver drugs in a controlled, targeted, and adaptive manner. The development of smart drug delivery systems is driven by the need to improve patient compliance, minimize side effects, and optimize therapeutic outcomes. These cutting-edge delivery systems utilize various medication carriers, including nanoparticle systems such as inorganic nanoparticles (e.g., magnetic nanoparticles and quantum dots), monoclonal antibodies, microspheres, dendrimers, liposomes, and lipoproteins. The potential of smart drug delivery systems to revolutionize personalized medicine and improve treatment paradigms is critically analyzed. This paper reviews recent innovations in smart drug delivery, highlighting key technologies such as nanoparticle-based carriers, polymeric systems, and stimuli-responsive delivery platform. Emphasis is placed on the mechanisms of drug release, such as pH-sensitive, temperature-sensitive, and biologically triggered systems. Additionally, the integration of real-time monitoring and feedback mechanisms is explored, illustrating how these systems can adjust drug release rates...
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Posted by admin on May 31, 2025 in |
In recent days some groups are seeking infertility treatment, on the other hand there are groups seeking contraception methods. Nowadays there are several ways are available for contraception such are Oral contraceptive pills, implants, injectable, patches, rings, intra uterine devices, Male and Female sterilization and so on. WHO stated that the number of women desiring to use family planning has increased markedly over the past two decades from 900 million in year 2000 and 1.1 billion in the year 2021. Between 2000 to 2020 the contraceptive prevalence rate increased from 47.7 to 49%. WHO assists countries to adapt and implement contraception tools to strengthen contraceptive policies and programs. Siddhars, who were the founders of Siddha Medicine. From their insights they told lot of medicines for all health ailments. Even for disease prevention, diagnosis and to cure the disease. Siddha literature evidenced that the natural contraception method by using herbal drugs which would be effective. Poovarasan (Thespesia populnea) tree bark, Induppu (Rock or pink salt) and Kaaichukatti (Acacia catechu) taken...
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Posted by admin on May 31, 2025 in |
Controlling the crystal growth in a crystallization set up is a complex and time taking process. In the domain of pharmaceutical set up, crystal differences will largely affect the drug performance and stability. Therefore, it is essential to control the crystallization process and optimize the experimental set up to get desired particle characteristics. Process Analytical Technology (PAT) tools are becoming popular for real-time monitoring and control of crystallization process. These tools are endorsed by regulatory bodies such as Food and Drug Administration in pharmaceutical manufacturing enabling consistent product quality and regulatory compliances. This review is not very exhaustive in nature but provides an overview of the crystallization processes and implications on crystal nucleation and growth. Various available PAT tools and their role in optimizing crystallization process have been discussed. Representative case studies employing PAT tools for monitoring pharmaceutical crystallization have been reviewed and their panoramic view depicted in tabular form. Besides, the challenges associated with the PAT tools in large scale manufacturing have also been touched. PAT in crystallization...
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