Posted by admin on Feb 28, 2018 in |
Anxiety is a common and normal phenomenon, involving multiple brain regions, including amygdala, locus ceruleus and frontal cortex. Moreover, multiple brain transmitters regulate the presence and severity of anxiety; these include classical transmitters such as gamma amino butyric acid, serotonin, and dopamine, as well as neuropeptides that include corticotrophin releasing hormone, substance P, neuropeptide Y, cholecystokinin and vasopressin. Anxiety is highly adaptive and involves both acute fear, related to an immediate threat and anticipatory anxiety that is associated with possible future threat. Certain individuals are predisposed to develop anxiety disorders. Predisposing variables include both genetic factors (that may dispose toward anxious temperament), emotional traumas and other psychologically mediated factors. Anxiety disorders represent a family of conditions with important distinguishing elements. Panic disorder and phobias involve reactions that are reminiscent of acute fear (albeit often worse). Specific and social phobias involve excessive fearful responses to identifiable things or circumstances in the environment. Generalized anxiety disorder is a condition that, essentially, involves anticipatory fear (i.e., worry). Worries of everyday life are...
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Posted by admin on Feb 28, 2018 in |
Multi-layer tablet is a new era for winning development of controlled release formulation along with various features to provide successful drug delivery. Bi-layer tablets can be crucial option to avoid chemical incompatibilities between active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) by physical separation and to facilitate the development of different drug release profiles. Multi-layer tablet is appropriate for chronological release of two drugs in combination and also for sustained release of tablet in which one layer is for immediate release as loading dose and second layer is maintenance dose. So use of bi-layer tablets is a very different aspect for anti-hypertensive, diabetic, anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs where combination therapy is often used. Several pharmaceutical companies are currently developing bi-layer tablets, for a variety of reasons: patent extension, therapeutic, marketing to name a few. General tablet manufacturing principles remain the same, there is much more to consider because making multi-layer tablets involves multiple often incompatible products, additional equipment and many formulation and operation challenges. The present object provides an introduction to bi-layer tablet...
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Posted by admin on Feb 28, 2018 in |
Colorants are widely used in food, cosmetics, pharmaceutical, nutraceutical and textile industry to improve customer perception and acceptability. The hazardous effects and legislation of synthetic dyes minimize its applications thus the search for natural pigments is in trend. Plant natural pigments are widely used as alternative not only because of their high availability as colouring agent, but also they exhibits abundance of health-promoting values such as antioxidant and antimicrobial activity which favour human beings. Drawbacks of natural pigments including its stability and cost hindered its popularity in industry but the emerging of modern technologies is expected to overcome this problems. This review focuses on the natural colorant from plants source, production technologies and their implication in wellness industry; i.e. food, cosmetic and...
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Posted by admin on Jan 31, 2018 in |
Momordica cymbalaria (Hook, Fenzl) is a vine of Momordica genus found in the Indian states of Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu. The medicinal herb also been named Luffa tuberose (Roxb) or Momordica tuberose (Roxb). Momordica cymbalaria is commonly known as Karchikai (Kannada) or Athalakkai (Tamil) or Kasarakayee (Andhra Pradesh) and Kakrol (India). Momordica cymbalaria has been used in various Asian traditional medicine systems for a long time. Momordica plant parts are characterized by wide diversity of bioactive compounds such as phenolic acids, flavonoids, carotenoids, cucurbitane triterpenoid, and phytosterol. In particular, some of the actual trends of the scientific research are strongly focused on obtaining in vitro evidence for the biological efficacy of individual constituents such as triterpenoid, carotenoids and phenolics from different parts of Momordica species triterpenoid are the main constituents of Cucurbitaceae family. The potential health benefits of phytochemical found in Momordica species have received ample attention in the recent literature, focusing especially on compounds with high diabetes mellitus, cardio protective, ulcer, cancer, and...
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Posted by admin on Jan 31, 2018 in |
This review gives an insight of the scalp condition- dandruff which affects more than 50% of the human population. Malassezia furfur is reported as the main cause of dandruff. This article aims at investigating other causes of dandruff which include microbial and non – microbial factors. These factors have been explained in this article. It also highlights the various treatment options and newer formulations. Various active agents like anti- fungal agents, keratolytic agents and anti – proliferative agents that are used against dandruff, along with their mechanisms of action are covered in this article. Conventional formulations like Shampoos, creams and lotions have their own set of advantages and limitations. To overcome the disadvantages and prolong the release of actives, novel formulations like Liposomes, Niosomes, Solid lipid nanoparticles, Nanolipid carriers and Silver nanoparticles are being developed. Novel delivery systems have been successfully used for pharmaceutical formulations and they can prove to be a promising delivery system for scalp treatment...
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