Posted by admin on Sep 30, 2017 in |
Hypertension is a major risk factor in the development of cardiovascular diseases and has emerged as one of the largest death causing diseases for mankind. There are number of medicines useful for treatment of high blood pressure but the main obstacle for the oral delivery of antihypertensive drugs is low bioavailability due to first pass metabolism. Also, if there is sudden increase in blood pressure, rapid onset of pharmacological action becomes necessary to enable the patients to resume their functional activities. The drug absorbed via sublingual blood vessels bypasses the hepatic first pass metabolism processes giving acceptable bioavailability with low doses and hence decreases the side effects. As sublingual area is more permeable than cheeks and palatal area of mouth, delivery by this route leads to rapid onset of action of drug. It is also convenient for patients having difficulty in swallowing. The present article gives a brief view on various research studies undertaken in the areas of sublingual delivery of antihypertensive drugs to improve the bioavailability and patient...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2017 in |
In the Philippines, about 11 million suffer from arthritis. Jatropha curcas is being widely used by traditional users for treating arthritis. The study evaluated the anti-arthritic claims of J. curcas leaf extract in male albino mice with collagen type II-induced arthritis by assessing two parameters; the reduction of paw thickness due to inflammation and analysis of histopathological parameters (e.g., inflammatory cell invasion, cartilage destruction, bone erosion, synovial hyperplasia, and pannus formation). Three doses of the leaf extract were used: 250mg, 500mg and 750mg per kilogram body weight while Indomethacin and water were used as positive and negative controls respectively. Post hoc analysis showed significant reduction in the paw thickness and histopathological parameters in comparison to the positive, untreated and negative controls. The median effective dose (ED50) is 963.86 mg. The anti-arthritic activity was dose dependent. The J. curcas leaf extract is an anti-arthritic agent in male albino...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2017 in |
Global market of generic drug has been propelled by new government initiatives to produce generic drugs and to promote the use of generic drugs; thus the use of generic pharmaceutical products represents over half of the total volume of pharmaceutical products used worldwide. India is the world’s largest exporter of cost effective generic medicines and leading Indian generic companies are generating more than fifty percent revenue from the export business of generic drugs. After the expiry of patent or marketing rights of the patented drug, generic drugs can be marketed. Generic drugs are available at affordable prices with assured quality and therapeutic value. The decision on drug approval is taken only after being assured of its pharmaceutically equivalent and bioequivalent properties. According to an estimate from the World Health Organization (WHO), the percentage of population without adequate access to essential medicines is less than 1% in high-income countries, 24% in middle-income countries, and 39% in low-income countries, due to their high cost. Recently Govt. of India has launched a...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2017 in |
Coleus forskohlii is an herb historically used in Ayurvedic medicine. Nowadays Coleus forskohlii is used as a fat burning supplement in various formulations and available in the Indian market. Forskolin the main constituent of this plant is used to treat allergies, skin conditions such as eczema and psoriasis, painful menstrual periods, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), urinary tract infection (UTI), bladder infections, advanced cancer, blood clots, sexual problem in men, insomnia, and convulsions. Healthcare providers sometimes give forskolin intravenously (by IV) for heart failure. Some people breathe in (inhale) forskolin powder for asthma. Forskolin drops are used in the eyes to treat glaucoma. Because of its wide use, this plant some time been adulterated with its species and other varieties. The standardisation parameters are important for this plant in every herbal formulation. With the developments in modern instrumental methods it is high time for the herbal drug manufacturers to come out with the standard level of this drug to be included in the formulation. An extensive study of phytochemical constituents...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2017 in |
It is well known ionizing radiations produce deleterious effects on humans. In spite of research efforts for the past several years, today we do not have a radio protective agent that meets all the prerequisites like produces no cumulative and irreversible toxicity, offers effective long term protection, possess a shelf life of 2-5 years and can be easily administered. In recent years, attention has been turned to phytochemicals due to their antioxidant properties. This review focuses on the radio protective potential of resveratrol [trans-3, 5, 4’- trihydroxystilbene], a phytoconstituent, mainly found in Vitis vinifera. In particular, it aims to highlight the detailed studies, both in vitro and in vivo, that have been carried out on the radio protective capability of resveratrol. It also focuses on the different possible mechanisms through which resveratrol acts in response to ionizing radiations. Previous studies show both positive and negative aspects of resveratrol on radioprotection. But a thorough analysis including earlier studies and our own preliminary studies clearly support that resveratrol is an attractive...
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