Posted by admin on May 31, 2025 in |
Lumpy skin disease (LSD) causes enormous economic losses in the livestock business. Lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) a member of the Poxviridae family causes the condition. The Neethling strain is the pro to type. LSDV is part of the Capri poxvirus genus which also includes sheep and goat poxviruses. LSD is an enzootic illness that causes skin nodules and is seldom lethal in cattle. Cattle and water buffalo are the only animals afflicted with substantial morbidity but moderate mortality rates. However, calves are more likely to die. LSD can lead to reduced milk and beef production, miscarriages in females and sterility in males. LSD originated from Zambia in 1929. LSD is considered an endemic disease in Africa. However, in 1984 the disease spread beyond Africa. It has been documented in Madagascar, as well as in various Arab Gulf Peninsula and Middle Eastern countries. The disease has recently been reported in LSD-free nations (Jordan, Syria, Lebanon, Turkey, Iran, and Iraq), potentially causing economic losses in the livestock business. This review...
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Posted by admin on May 31, 2025 in |
Hernia repair is one of the most common surgeries, with recent advancements in mesh technology and surgical techniques significantly improving outcomes. Mesh implants are the standard for reinforcing abdominal walls, reducing recurrence rates compared to traditional sutures. However, complications like chronic pain, infection, and adhesions have driven innovations in mesh development. Modern synthetic meshes are designed to enhance biocompatibility, featuring lightweight, macro-porous structures to promote tissue integration while minimizing complications. Biologic meshes, derived from human or animal tissue, support tissue regeneration and gradually degrade, reducing long-term foreign body reactions. Hybrid meshes combine the durability of synthetics with the regenerative qualities of biologics, offering superior performance in complex repairs. Tailored approaches, including 3D-printed and custom-made meshes, are gaining popularity for their ability to match individual anatomy, minimizing complications such as displacement. Future developments focus on anti-adhesion coatings and bioactive meshes capable of releasing antimicrobial agents to address postoperative issues like adhesions and infections. Despite these advancements, challenges remain in selecting the optimal mesh type and technique for each patient. Financial...
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Posted by admin on May 31, 2025 in |
Hypertension (HTN), a major global health concern and the primary cause of cardiovascular disease (CVD) death is expected to impact 29% of all adults by 2025. Hypertension (HTN) is a multifactorial condition, arising from the complex interaction of hereditary, environmental, and physiological variables that contribute to elevated systolic and diastolic blood pressure. It is frequently caused by dysregulation of blood pressure control mechanisms, such as over activity of the renin-angiotensin system and increased sympathetic nervous system activity. Traditional hypertension therapies, such as ACE inhibitors and beta-blockers, have drawbacks, including low solubility and absorption. As a result, researchers are increasingly focusing on novel treatment approaches, such as medicinal plants and nanotechnology. Herbal plants such as Ashwagandha, Cat’s Claw, Ginger, Ginseng, Murungai, and Touch-Me-Not belonging to different families are renowned for pharmacological activities and have shown potential medicines antihypertensive properties, which are often attributed to their bioactive constituents. Recent breakthroughs in nanotechnology have permitted the manufacture of nanoparticles derived from these plants, improving their stability, bioavailability, and potency. These plant-mediated nanoparticles...
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Posted by admin on May 31, 2025 in |
Chromosomal non-disjunction is a pivotal error in cell division where chromosomes fall to separate properly during meiosis or mitosis, resulting in an abnormal number of chromosomes, the condition is known as aneuploidy. This phenomenon has significant consequences for human health, as it underpins several kinds of genetic disease, such as Downsyndrome, Turner syndrome and Klinefelter syndrome. Non-disjunction may occur during mitosis, Meiosis-I or meiosis-II and various factors influence how sister chromatids or homologous chromosomes segregate. Maternal age is a significant risk factor, spicily for neostick non-disjunction triggered by prolonged oocyte stoppage in Prophase-I. Additional causes environmental and genetic and epigenetic alterations in cohesinproteins. Non-disjunction can cause developmental issues, miscarriages, mosaicism and chromosomal instability in cancer. The diagnosis of aneuploidy has increased due to advances in diagnostic procedure such as Karyotyping, Fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) and non-invasive prenatal testing. Preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) and genetic counselling provide at risk families with preventive measures. Despite advancement in understanding the molecular causes and effects treatment options remains limited. Continued study is needed...
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Posted by admin on May 31, 2025 in |
Computer-aided drug design programs use mathematical formulas to predict the property value and structure of stable, unknown, and molecular species. Quantum mechanics, hybrid QM/MM, molecular bonding, molecular modelling, molecular mechanics, and QSAR are some of the techniques used in molecular bonding studies. An average drug discovery cycle, from lead identification to clinical trials, is expected to take about a year. Computer-aided drug design technologies have the potential to reduce drug design and development costs by 50% when integrated into a company’s research and development methodologies. Drug development can be accelerated by using computational methods to interpret and direct trials. Computer-aided drug design (CADD) approaches come in two primary varieties: ligand-based drug design (LBDD) and structure-based drug design (SBDD). The three-dimensional structural data from macromolecular targets, like proteins or RNA, is examined by SBDD techniques to identify crucial sites and interactions that are crucial to their...
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