Posted by admin on Jan 31, 2017 in |
Metformin, an AMPK activator, acts as an oral hypoglycaemic agent. It reduces the risk of cancer during the treatment of diabetes and diabetes associated cancers. The effect of metformin on different type of cancers is explained on the pathway of AMPK activation involving hepatic fatty acid oxidation, inhibition of triglyceride and cholesterol synthesis and also modulation of insulin secretion. There is evidence of reduced risk on cancer incidence and mortality in diabetic patients 13. The inverse association was significant for pancreatic and hepatocellular cancer and non-significant for colon, breast and prostate cancer. Metformin associated with a decreased risk of cancer incidence compared with other treatment among diabetic patients. The main process for reducing cancer risk in diabetic patients is the lowering of the uptake and utilisation of nutrients into the biomass needed to produce a new cell from an active proliferating cell. Many observational studies in favour of Metformin as an antineoplatic agent reported but the confirmed report may be forwarded in the near...
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Posted by admin on Jan 31, 2017 in |
Aerosol drug delivery systems are much more importance in present days and have much advantage over other route of administration. Meter dose inhaler was used to deliver asthma medication in easy way and reliable multi dose preparation. The importance of the MDIs device play important role in determining drug delivery to the lungs. The word validation means,” Impose of validation or action of proving its effectiveness”. The most used inhalation is the metered-dose inhaler(MDI), which operates by delivering from a pressurized container using a liquefied gas propellant. Inhalation is the accessible way to deliver drugs to respiratory track and used in treatment of disease like ASTHMA.A manufacturer can assure that the design of the device, processes, process controls and packaging that all manufactured units will have to meet specifications and have uniform and consequent quality. Validation is defined as the collection and checking of data, from the process design stage throughout commercial production, which provides scientific evidence that a process is capable of consistently delivering quality...
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Posted by admin on Jan 31, 2017 in |
Rheumatoid arthritis is an immune mediated inflammatory disease (IMID). Rheumatoid arthritis occurs when our immune system attacks the tissues near joints, this is due to release of certain chemicals and enzymes that begin to eat away the cartilage and bones. Rheumatoid arthritis affects all the joints in the body, some forms of arthritis can also affect the body’s internal organs. The symptoms of Rheumatoid arthritis include inflammation, pain, swelling and stiffness of the joints, it can also lead to deformity and disability of the joint in severe cases. There are several causes for Rheumatoid arthritis these causes are unknown but some include genetic factor, family history, age, environmental factors, hormones, smoking etc. This paper gives an overview of the medicinal plants with phytoconstituents which can be used in the treatment of RA and different treatments available for Rheumatoid arthritis. These medicinal plants can be extracted and phytoconstituents can be isolated, pharmacological studies can be carried out and the plants can be further explored for future studies. Even modern drugs used...
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Posted by admin on Jan 31, 2017 in |
Optogenetics (a branch of biotechnology) is a biological tool used in the field of neuroscience that encompasses a combination of techniques from optics and genetics to study the functioning of individual neurons in a living tissue. Spatio-temporal precision in neuronal control can be achieved using optogenetic actuators or reporters and sensors or indicators. The present review highlights the brief history of optogenetics, opsins- the functional unit in optogenetics, and the design of optogenetic experiments to study behaviour in normal function or disease models. The review also discusses the limitations of the technique and its applications in various behavioural and neuropsychiatric disorders such as anxiety, fear, depression, addiction, autism and Parkinsonism. Looking back at the rate of progress over the last few years, it is reasonable to predict and believe that the molecular techniques for optogenetics will continue to evolve rapidly and that the applications of these methods will continue to...
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Posted by admin on Jan 31, 2017 in |
The use of microwave irradiation in grafting of synthetic polymers onto natural polysaccharides is a popular method. It reduces all the limitations of conventional method of grafting like use of toxic solvents as well reduces reaction time for grafting methods. Microwave irradiation also increases the yield of grafting. Also the microwave grafted polymer has better properties as compared to polymer grafted by conventional method. The purpose of this review is to highlight the various recent modifications of grafting and its further applications in pharmaceutical...
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