Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2014 in |
Herbal Medicines (HM) and their preparations have been widely used for hundreds of years all over the world. However, they have not been officially recognized due to lack of adequate or accepted research methodology for their evaluation. Traditional systems of Indian Herbal medicine include Ayurveda, Yoga, Naturopathy, Unani and Siddha. Among them Ayurveda, Siddha and Unani systems (ASU) use plants, minerals and animal products as main drugs to cure various ailments. The quality and safety of these herbal products has now become a serious issue due to increasing pollution in air, water, soil, etc. Pharmacognostical analysis of medicinal herbs remains challenging issues for analytical chemists, as herbs are a complicated system of mixtures. This review emphasizes the significance of NIR methods in the discrimination of much herbal medicine from closely related species and from adulterants. The quality of samples from different localities and growing conditions based on their geographical origin may vary. Thus, the identification of crude herbs based on geographical origins is crucial in order to ensure authenticity,...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2014 in |
Demonstration of safety and efficacy of the drug product for human use is important before the drug product gets approval for import or manufacturing of new drug by regulatory authority in any country. Once the clinical and preclinical data have been collected, a New Drug Application (NDA) must be submitted to regulatory authority for approval. Globalization of pharmaceutical industry has created the need to develop the recommendations for development of new pharmaceuticals as well as the regulatory requirement of various countries. Thus, a common format of submission will help in overcoming these difficulties. Through International conference on Harmonization (ICH), Common Technical Document (CTD) guidance’s have been developed for Japan, EU and United States and the Research based industry and more recently its electronic version the electronic Common Technical Document (eCTD). The CTD application format is now favored by USFDA as well as Worldwide regulatory authorities. Implementation of CTD is expected to reduce time and resources needed by the industry to compile applications for global registrations. Asia-Europe Meeting (ASEM) is...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2014 in |
Every drug has two facets and the sinister side is becoming more apparent every day, sometimes resulting in product recalls by regulatory agencies due to serious adverse effects. Monitoring of unwanted side effects of allopathic drugs administered alone, and in combination with other drugs or dietary products causing drug-drug and drug-herbal/food interactions were lacking earlier, but information is now being unearthed in India. The aim of pharmacovigilance programmes is to bring this treasure trove of knowledge under one umbrella for consumers and all other stakeholders. Such programmes are meant to create awareness among physicians and surgeons for the better treatment of patients by advocating safe use of drugs, and at the same time collect risk/benefit data and collaborate globally to form a strong post-market surveillance network. Hopefully, the seeds of such programmes sown today will blossom into powerful and efficient tools and lead to meaningful outcomes in the future. Presently, pharmacovigilance in India is in its nascent stage. After two unsuccessful attempts, the third Indian venture to construct a...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2014 in |
This paper is specifically designed to explain the important scientific points of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technology in forensic science and molecular biology. Scientific procedures presented in the paper are complex, simple were specifically designed to better explain and reinforce the key concepts of PCR. The PCR is a laboratory technique for amplifying a specific sequence of a minute amount of Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) even from a single hair root or a microscopic blood stain left at a crime scene.Todays, PCR has found widespread and innumerable uses in forensics, genetics, DNA fingerprinting, bacteriology, virology, cloning and many other areas. Major research areas such as biomarker discovery, gene regulation and cancer research are challenging today’s PCR technologies with more demanding requirements. Reproducibility of data and time to results are still major problems encountered by...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2014 in |
In the present review an attempt has been made to explore and study the various in vitro animal models used for the evaluation of hypolipidemic and antihyperlipidemic drugs. Hyperlipidemia has been ranked as one of the greatest risk factors contributing to the prevalence and severity of coronary heart disease. The main aim of treatment in patients with hyperlipidemia is to reduce the risk of the occurrence of cardiovascular or cerebrovascular disease. The present review throws a light on the various herbal drugs used as potential hypolipidemics and antihyperlipidemics. Emphasis has been laid on the study of animal models used in the evaluation and screening of antihyperlipidemic drugs. The review also encompasses the various treatments used for the management of...
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