Posted by admin on Aug 1, 2013 in |
With the advent of newer technologies, in expert opinions, nanobiotechnology is expected to revolutionize or at least significantly improve the pharmaceutical and life science market within the next 15 years. The problem associated with reproducibility prevailed, a need for an economical polymer is experienced by all the researchers so as to repeat and check the reproducibility of systems. To meet all these requirements, Gelatin comes in front as the best alternate. Gelatin (or gelatin, from Latin: gelatus = stiff, frozen) is a translucent, colorless, brittle (when dry), flavorless solid, derived from collagen obtained from various animal by-products. It is commonly used as a gelling agent in food, pharmaceuticals, photography, and cosmetic manufacturing. Substances containing gelatin or functioning in a similar way are called gelatinous. Gelatin is an irreversibly hydrolyzed form of collagen. Gelatin being biodegradable in nature is a polymer of choice for the delivery of various proteins and peptides, can be an efficient and safe vaccine adjuvant,can be used forin vitro delivery of immunogenic CpG oligonucleotides, can be...
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Posted by admin on Aug 1, 2013 in |
The icaADBC gene was first identified in Staphylococcus epidermidis, and is also present in Staphylococcus aureus and other Staphylococcal species. PIA is produced by the gene products encoded by the icaADBC operon. Asymptomatically colonized patients and health care workers are the major sources of MRSA in the hospital environment. MRSA-infected patients in burns units are particularly problematic because the big surface area of denuded skin can produce a large inoculum of organisms that can be easily transmitted to other patients via the hands of health care workers. Extensive skin lesions also result in heavy shedders of MRSA. Clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus can express the icaADBC-encoded polysaccharide intercellular adhesin/poly-N–acetylglucosamine (PIA/ PNAG). The icaADBC dependent and independent pathways will be stimulated using different chemicals and level of biofilm formation as well as PIA/PNAG level will be assayed. Besides, proteomics and transcriptomics analysis will be performed to get insights in the interaction of various factors of the pathways involved in the biofilm formation in wild type as well as mutant strains. The biofilm development...
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Posted by admin on Aug 1, 2013 in |
The purpose of writing this review on floating drug delivery systems (FDDS) was to compile the recent literature with special focus on the types of floating drug delivery systems, principal and mechanism of floatation to achieve gastric retention. Drug delivery systems are those that float immediately upon contact with gastric fluids present promising approaches for increasing the bioavailability of drugs with absorption windows in the upper small intestine. However, immediate floating can only be achieved if the density of the device is low at the very beginning. Devices with an initially high density (which decreases with time) first settle down in the stomach and, thus, undergo the risk of premature emptying. Inherent low density can, for example, be provided by the entrapment of air or by the incorporation of low density materials or foam powder. This review explains briefly about factors affecting floating system, evaluation parameters and application of the...
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Posted by admin on Aug 1, 2013 in |
Drug delivery systems including chemical, physical and biological agents that can enhance the bioavailability, improve pharmacokinetics and reduce toxicities of the drugs. Carrier erythrocytes are one of the most promising biological drug delivery systems investigated in recent decades. Resealed Erythrocytes are biocompatible, biodegradable, possess long circulation half-life and can be loaded with variety of active drug substances. Resealed erythrocyte has got several advantages over the other drug delivery system which makes it superior than other systems. Carrier erythrocytes are prepared by collecting blood sample from the organism of interest and separating erythrocytes from plasma. By using various methods, the cells are broken and the drug is entrapped into the erythrocytes, finally they are resealed and the resultant carriers are then called “resealed erythrocytes”. Resealed erythrocytes, as a drug delivery system has excellent capacity to enhance the therapeutic index and patient compliance. It has got tremendous potential to achieve site specific drug delivery with least wastage of drugs and it also prolong the release of drug. So many drugs like...
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Posted by admin on Aug 1, 2013 in |
In the last few decades, to synthesize the different new heterocyclic compounds along their derivatives which were evaluated for their biological activities as antimicrobial, antiviral, antitumor, anticonvulsant, antifungal, the triazole moiety seems to be very small but in the biological profile has attracted the attention of many researchers to explore this skeleton to its multiple potential against several activities. In this review we provides a brief response of the medicinal chemistry of 1, 2, 4-triazole and its derivatives. A literature survey of procedures for the preparation of 1, 2, 4-triazole and 1, 2, 3-triazoles is presented by generalized synthetic...
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