Posted by admin on May 1, 2013 in |
Postpolio syndrome (PPS) may affect survivors of paralytic poliomyelitis and is characterised by a complex of neuromuscular symptoms leading to a decline in physical functioning. The effectiveness of pharmacological treatment and rehabilitation management in PPS is not yet established. To review systematically the effects of any treatment for PPS compared to placebo, usual care or no treatment. Postpolio syndrome is characterized by the exacerbation of existing or new health problems, most often muscle weakness and fatigability, general fatigue, and pain, after a period of stability subsequent to acute polio infection. Diagnosis is based on the presence of a lower motor neuron disorder that is supported by neurophysiological findings, with exclusion of other disorders as causes of the new symptoms. The muscle-related effects of postpolio syndrome are possibly associated with an ongoing process of denervation and reinnervation, reaching a point at which denervation is no longer compensated for by reinnervation. The cause of this denervation is unknown, but an inflammatory process is possible. Rehabilitation in patients with postpolio syndrome should...
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Posted by admin on May 1, 2013 in |
Escalating social evil and global problem for pharmaceutical scientist world-wide is counterfeiting of drugs. Fraudulent representation of medication with an intention to deceptively represent its origin, authenticity and effectiveness is a counterfeited faked drug which is a potential massacre. The prominent role of drug is patient life-saving, but a drug being counterfeit encounters additive danger to patient. Global scenario indicates India accounts for one third of counterfeit drugs world-wide, being existence since 1982. It is spreading its roots in top most selling drugs like steroids, anticancer etc. This review provides an insight into the planning of counterfeit-free world by implementation of WHO guidelines, updating training programs for pharmacist, adapting innovating methods. The counterfeiters use sophisticated technology for huge profit and less trade risking for counterfeiting of drugs. This difficult task can be overcome by different diagnostic patterns like digital imaging, radio frequency identification (RFID), holographic labels, infra-red inks, supply chain tracking, chemical fingerprints. Inspite of increasing globalization and cross border trading, pharmacists play a major role in curbing the...
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Posted by admin on May 1, 2013 in |
Appropriate technology transfer is both integral and critical to drug discovery and development for new medicinal products and is also important to upgrade drug quality designed during research and development and to final product during manufacturing as well as to assure stable quality transferred. Successful development and commercialization of innovative technologies is always fraught with difficulties, multifaceted endeavour, and a variety of development tools exist to promote this activity, by far the most popular approach to directly promoting successful innovation is through technology transfer. To successfully and simultaneously develop appropriate clinical good manufacturing practice facilities, specify and design specialized process equipment, finalize process details, and correctly determine scale-up parameters requires the integrated efforts of a highly skilled technology transfer team. Successful technology transfer requires carefully studying numerous situations like careful evaluation of ultimate manufacturing requirements early in research and development and the consequent development of robust processes that withstand large-scale operation, the assembly of a detailed technology transfer document that provides manufacturing with both “know how” and “know why,”...
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Posted by admin on May 1, 2013 in |
The current scenario was to study Polyelectrolyte complex. Polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs) represent a special class of polymeric compounds consisting of oppositely charged polyions that can have either cationic or anionic charges. Due to their charges they are hydrophilic, and normally water soluble, and can be used in a variety of applications, such as drug delivery, coatings, shampoos, or as flocculating agents in water treatment. These complexes avoid the use of chemical cross linking agent thereby to reducing the risk of toxicity. These complex formed is generally applied in different dosage form. A number of different, polymers are used to form polyelectrolyte complex. The present review emphasizes on the detail study on polyelectrolyte complex with their utility in drug...
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Posted by admin on May 1, 2013 in |
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a developmental disorder. It is a chronic condition that affects millions of children and often persists into adulthood. ADHD is the most commonly studied and diagnosed psychiatric disorder in children. ADHD includes some combination of problems, such as difficulty sustaining attention, hyperactivity and impulsive behavior. Children with ADHD also may struggle with low self-esteem, troubled relationships and poor performance in school. Adolescents and adults with ADHD tend to develop coping mechanisms to compensate for some or all of their impairments. Although much progress has been made in our understanding of the diagnosis and treatment of ADHD, much has yet to be researched, particularly for adolescents. It is clear that the current diagnostic criteria, although valid for children, may need to be modified for adolescents and adults, to reflect the developmental changes that take place as children approach adulthood. Studies are required to clarify how medication needs, types, dosages, and frequencies of administration differ among adolescents and adults, compared with...
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