Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2025 in |
Cancer remains a major cause of mortality worldwide, with chemotherapy serving as a cornerstone of cancer treatment. While effective in targeting malignant cells, chemotherapy is associated with debilitating side effects, including cachexia a complex, multifactorial syndrome characterized by unintentional weight loss, muscle wasting, fatigue, and reduced physical function. This condition arises from cancer progression and chemotherapy-induced toxicity, compounded by systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Chemotherapy agents trigger the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, promote the generation of reactive oxygen species, and activate the ubiquitin-proteasome system, all of which contribute to skeletal muscle atrophy. The resulting impairment in physical function, diminished treatment tolerance, and worsened prognosis significantly impact patient outcomes. Unlike general cancer-associated muscle wasting, chemotherapy-induced cachexia involves unique mechanisms, including the activation of nuclear factor kappa beta and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways by agents such as Cisplatin. Cachexia is further aggravated by side effects such as reduced appetite, nausea, and fatigue, leading to myosteatosis and deterioration in muscle mass and function. Current therapeutic approaches include pharmacological agents such...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2025 in |
The prevalence of psychiatric disorders in AUD, the association between the severity of AUD and psychiatric disease, the influence of treatment of AUD on relief of psychiatric symptoms and vice-versa has been studied in various parts of the world. In India, the influence of various socio-economic factors and the lifestyle of the individuals is different to other parts of the world. There is paucity of the literature regarding the association of AUD with psychiatric disease, influence of AUD on pharmacotherapy of psychiatric disorders, the quality of life of patients with co-existing AUD and psychiatric disorders. This review aims to study the association and co-occurrence of AUD and psychiatric disorders and influence of combined disorders on the...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2025 in |
Peptides are naturally occurring biologics, which provide essential functions as hormones, growth factors, biological messengers, anti-infective, neurotransmitters, and antimicrobials. Peptide hormones such as insulin, vasopressin, oxytocin, and gonadotropin-releasing hormone have significantly accelerated advances in modern drug development fields, including biology, chemistry, pharmacology, and other cutting-edge technologies. This review article described the peptides, their different sources and production processes, and how they are synthesized. Peptides are highly desirable as therapeutic agents due to their unique properties, which are determined by their physicochemical and proteolytic stability profiles. Numerous techniques are being developed to enhance the therapeutic profile of peptides, such as side chain modification, cyclization, N-methylation, peptoids, and substitution with D-amino acids inclusion in delivery systems and halogenation. Peptides are therapeutically used in the management of several diseases; the potential range of peptide-based medications is being extended to new targets by ongoing...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2025 in |
Vaginal discharge is the commonest symptom reported in reproductive tract infection the recognition and diagnosis of the correct cause of abnormal vaginal discharge (AVD) can be challenging due to the wide spectrum of infectious agents. Reproductive tracts infections (RTIs) can cause serious physical and psychological harm, and this harm is not limited only to the women themselves, but also a serious threat to their next generation, and may cause a heavy social and economic burden.RTI/STI wherein disclosure is associated with stigma and health-seeking is impaired by embarrassment and hesitation, particularly in women where accessibility to an empathic female health worker may not be available given the state of primary health-care. If untreated, RTIs can lead to adverse health outcomes such as infertility, ectopic pregnancy and increased vulnerability to the transmission of the Human immunodeficiency virus. It is also associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Clinically, the first choice to treat RTIs according to different pathogens is antibiotics. Most of the drugs used in RTIs are metronidazole, clotrimazole pessary and antibiotics...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2025 in |
Objective: Chronic periodontitis, an inflammatory disease of the supporting tissues of teeth, is usually treated non-surgically by scaling and root planing. Minocycline is used as a local drug delivery and can be used as an adjunctive agent. The study aims to determine the efficacy of minocycline microspheres as a local drug delivery agent in treating chronic periodontitis. Methods: Randomized controlled trials investigating the efficacy of minocycline microspheres as local drug delivery agents in chronic periodontitis were included. Articles were retrieved from MEDLINE, EBSCO, Cochrane database, PUBMED, and Google Scholar in the English language from January 2000 up to January 2023. Articles retrieved were screened using specific inclusion criteria by four independent reviewers and analyzed using Rev Man 5.0 software. The measured outcomes were Probing Pocket Depth, Clinical Attachment Level, Plaque Index, and Gingival Index. Results: About 1288 patients aged above 30 were studied. In all the studies, the control group was treated with scaling and root planing alone, whereas the test group was treated with scaling and root planing...
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