Posted by admin on Feb 1, 2012 in |
In recent times, focus on plant research has increased all over the world and a large body of evidence has collected to show immense potential of medicinal plants used in various traditional systems. Use of plant based drugs and chemicals for curing various ailments and personal adornment is as old as human civilization Clitoria ternatea is used for curing various diseases and symptoms. Clitoria ternatea is diuretic and laxative, a decoction is given as a demulcent in the irritation of the bladder and urethra. It is useful in ophthalmopathy, bronchitis, asthma tubercular glands, hemicrania, burning sensation, starngury, helminthiasis, inflammation, vitiated condition of pitta vicerormegaly and...
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Posted by admin on Feb 1, 2012 in |
Novel drug delivery system has been introduced to overwhelm the drawback of fluctuating drug levels associated with conventional dosage forms. Out of various cellular carrier systems, erythrocytes (red blood cells, RBC) have been the most widely investigated and found to possess great potential for the delivery of drugs and drug-loaded microspheres. These cellular carriers, having remarkable biocompatibility, biodegradability, and life-span in circulation, can be loaded by a wide spectrum of compounds of therapeutic value using different chemically, as well as physically, based methods. Most of the characteristics of the erythrocytes, including shape, membrane fragility, deformability, and hematologic indices undergo some degree of irreversible changes during the loading procedure. Carrier erythrocytes are prepared simply by collecting blood sample from the organism of interest, separating erythrocytes from plasma, then by using various physical and chemical methods the cells are broken. The drug is entrapped into the erythrocytes and finally resealing the resultant cellular carriers. Hence these carriers are suitably known as Resealed erythrocytes. Surface modification with glutaraldehyde, antibodies, carbohydrates like sialic...
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Posted by admin on Feb 1, 2012 in |
Transdermal drug delivery system (TDDS) are topically administered medicaments in the form of patches that deliver drugs for systemic effects at a predetermined and controlled rate. It works very simply in which drug is applied inside the patch and it is worn on skin for long period of time. By this constant concentration of drug remain in blood for long time. Polymer matrix, drug, permeation enhancers are the main components of TDDS; polymers includes Zein, Shellac (as a natural) to synthetic ones (Polybutadiene, Polysiloxane, Polyvinyl chloride, Polyvinyl alcohol etc.). TDDS are of many types varying from single layer drug in adhesive to multi layer drug in adhesive and others are reservoir and the matrix systems. The market value of TDDS products are increasing with rapid rate, more than 35 products have now been approved for sale in US, and approximately 16 active ingredients are approved globally for use as a TDDS. Transdermal drug delivery is a recent technology which promises a great future it has a potential to limit...
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Posted by admin on Feb 1, 2012 in |
Various types of lipid based vesicular systems have been developed in controlled and targeted drug delivery. Self assembled nanoparticles (SAN) has advantages over traditional colloidal vesicular systems and also avoids some of their major disadvantages. SAN made of solid lipids are submicron colloidal carriers (50-1000nm). These consist of a solid hydrophobic core having a monolayer of phospholipid coating. The solid core contains drug dissolved or dispersed in the solid high melting fat matrix. The hydrophobic chains of phospholipids are embedded in the fat matrix. The outstanding characteristic of SAN is that they are nearly or wholly composed of ampiphillic prodrug. Serious drawbacks of the drugs could be effectively circumvented by covalent linkage of the drug to fatty acids. These lipidic prodrugs, if provided with some surface active property, tend to form supramolecular assemblages in aqueous media. They provide an efficient method for delivery of drugs directly to the targeted site, leading to reduction of drug toxicity with no adverse effects and also reduces the cost of therapy by imparting...
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Posted by admin on Feb 1, 2012 in |
The purpose for this review on pulsatile drug delivery systems (PDDS) is to compile the recent literatures with special focus on the different types and approaches involved in the development of the formulation. Pulsatile drug delivery system is the most interesting time and site-specific system. This system is designed for chronopharmacotherapy. Thus, to mimic the function of living systems and in view of emerging chronotherapeutic approaches, pulsatile delivery, which is meant to release a drug following programmed lag phase, has increasing interest in the recent years. Diseases wherein PDDS are promising include asthma, peptic ulcer, cardiovascular diseases, arthritis, and attention deficit syndrome in children, cancer, diabetes, and hypercholesterolemia. Pulsatile drug delivery system divided into 2 types’ preplanned systems and stimulus induced system, preplanned systems based on osmosis, rupturable layers, and erodible barrier coatings. Stimuli induced system based on electrical, temperature and chemically induced systems.This review also summarizes some current PDDS already available in the market. These systems are useful to several problems encountered during the development of a pharmaceutical...
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