Posted by admin on Jan 1, 2012 in |
Solubility is one of the most important parameter to achieve desired concentration of drug in systemic circulation for therapeutic response. As a consequence of modern drug discovery techniques, there has been a steady increase in the number of new pharmacologically active lipophilic compounds that are poorly water soluble. It is a great challenge for pharmaceutical scientist to convert those molecules into orally administered formulation with sufficient bioavailability. Among the several approaches to improve oral bioavailability of these molecules, Self- micron emulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) is one of the approaches usually used to improve the bioavailability of hydrophobic drugs. However, Conventional SMEDDS are mostly prepared in a liquid form, which can have some disadvantages. Accordingly, solid SMEDDS (S-SMEDDS) prepared by solidification of liquid/semisolid self-micron emulsifying (SME) ingredients into powders, have gained popularity. This article gives an overview of the recent advancements in S-SMEDDS such as development methods and the future research...
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Posted by admin on Jan 1, 2012 in |
Nanotechnology is science of matter and material that deal with particle size in nanometers. Nanotechnology has received a lot of attention with never-seen-before enthusiasm because of its future potential. It has provided fine lined diagnosis and focus treatment of disease at molecular level. This technology offers the advantage of protecting drugs from degradation; reduce the number of doses required. In this review, a discussion was carried out on different techniques for the preparation of nanodrug delivery systems like nanoparticles, solid lipid nanoparticles, nanocrystals, nanosuspensions, nanoemulsions. The concept of nanotechnology is widely expanded and applied to many drugs to the present. The ultimate application goal of nano drug delivery system is to develop clinically useful formulation for treating diseases in...
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Posted by admin on Jan 1, 2012 in |
O. turpethum is the source of the drug known as Turpeth or Indian Jalap and it is widely grown throughout India and it is occasionally cultivated in gardens as an ornament. It has been used as a traditional medicine in many countries. The root is prescribed in scorpion sting and snake bite. The roots are bitter, acrid, sweet, thermogenic, purgative, carminative, antihelmintic, expectorant, antipyretic, hepatic, stimulant and hydragogue. They are useful in colic constipation, dropsy, vitiated conditions of vata, paralysis, myalgia, arthralgia, pectoralgia, bronchitis, obesity, helminthiasis, gastropathy, ascites, inflammations, intermittent fever, leucoderma, puritus, ulcers, erysepelas, haemorrhoids, tumors, jaundice, ophthalmia, employed in drug formulations, dropsical effusions and rheumatism. Some of the Ayurvedic preparations are Trivritaadi ghrita, Trivritadi kwaatha, Abhyarishta, Kaishorgugglu and Chandraprabha vati. It is the best amongst the herbs used for Virechana (i.e. therapeutic purgation), one of the procedures of Ayurvedic Panchakarma therapy. This review comprehensively incorporates the medicinal uses, and pharmacology of O. turpethum. The plant, Operculina turpethum is endangered so it also prompts attention to protect it...
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Posted by admin on Jan 1, 2012 in |
Excipients form a bulk of the finished dosage forms. They affect various properties in the finished products like patient acceptability, dissolution, bioavailability, rate of release of active ingredients etc. Now a day’s many new means of drug delivery systems are coming up which require new excipients to improve the characteristics of the dosage form. Further new excipients are being discovered which are replacing the older ones by having better desirable characteristics. The novel excipients are developed in such a way that they are more compatible with the active ingredients but there are several hurdles in their development. The establishment of safety of novel excipients is a major hindrance in their development. The evaluation of novel excipients requires huge investments of time and money. As a result, pharmaceutical manufacturers are not interested in evaluating novel excipients in terms of safety and efficacy because any discrepancies in their use may cause delays in the approval of the formulations causing a major loss to the manufacturers. Also there are no well defined...
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Posted by admin on Dec 1, 2011 in |
In pharmaceutical industry, various controlled released dosage forms like solid formulation, semi solid formulation and topical preparation have more importance due to efficacy and patient compliance. Topical preparations have some disadvantages like unpleasant odour, greasiness and skin irritation and fail to reach the systemic circulation in sufficient amounts in few cases. This problem is overcome by microsponge delivery system. Microsponges are tiny sponge like spherical and highly porous micro-sized particles with a unique ability for entrapping actives. They offers programmable release active drug into the skin in order to reduce systemic exposure and minimize local cutaneous reactions to active. These MDS’s are closely related to microspheres, and used in the sun screens, creams, ointments, over- the-counter (OTC) skin care preparations, recently used in oral drug as well as biopharmaceuticals (peptides, proteins and DNA-based therapeutics) drug delivery. The present review introduces microsponge technology along with its synthesis, characterization, programmable parameters and release mechanism of...
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