Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2023 in |
The eye is a sensitive organ, and the administration of drugs into the ocular cavity is a tedious task. Ocular insert is the prominent technique to overcome problems associated with conventional dosage forms like repeated administration, drug drainage via lacrimal fluids drainage, formation of crystalline deposits on the cornea, pH instability, pulsed dosing of drugs, etc. This review focuses on developing a novel technique to treat ailments associated with the eye cavity. The major complications associated with the drug’s delivery into the eye are rapid pre-corneal drug loss due to nasolacrimal drainage, tear flow, and dilution of the drug leading to poor bioavailability, inadequate residence time, etc. Ocular inserts are thin films meant to be placed in a cul-de-sac, providing prolonged release without irritating the eyes. They are mostly made of polymers that encloses drug within them, which aids in the sustained release of the drug. Newer ocular drug delivery systems are being surveyed, such as Collagen shields, Biodegradable polymers, Inserts, Outfit, Minidisc`s, NODS, etc., and are formulated to...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2023 in |
Respiratory system is one of the vital systems of the body which is affected negatively by air pollutants, viral and bacterial infections. These infections can lead to several chronic diseases. Modern medicines can help treat these diseases, but they have several side effects that can further lead to other health-related troubles. In India, many people still use herbal remedies to treat mild infections as first aid. Traditional healers or vaids still use these herbal medicines to treat severe respiratory problems such as asthma, tuberculosis, whooping cough, etc. This review aimed to gather information about medicinal plants used to treat various respiratory problems in different areas of India. Relevant data about various ethnobotanical studies conducted in various country states were extracted from published literature and analyzed. Two hundred thirty-nine plant species belonging to 193 genera and 80 families were. The maximum number of plant species belonged to the family Asteraceae. Solanum was the genus with the maximum number of species. All plant parts, including roots, stem, rhizome, leaves, flowers, fruits,...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2023 in |
Enzyme Alanine racemase is well known for performing the predominating role in mycobacterium cell wall synthesis. D-alanine provided by Alanine racemase serves as a peptidoglycan precursor, utterly vital for maintaining the growth and integrity of the cell wall. The lipid-rich mycobacterium cell wall is prevalent amidst prokaryotes with immense potential of becoming a therapeutic target for new drug discovery. The imperative role of Alanine racemase in mycobacterium cell wall synthesis implies that its inhibition is of utmost priority in dealing with various pathogenic infections. Interference with metabolic processes, lack of specificity, and cellular toxicity caused by several known inhibitors prompted renewed efforts by researchers to discover new and improved inhibitors with better therapeutic indexes. This paper provides an overview of the updated status of reported Alanine racemase inhibitors based on shreds of evidence in literature so that more precise inhibitors could be explored, designed, and identified to rationalize the overall drug discovery process, which will be true serendipity for the...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2023 in |
Chronic joint inflammation is a hallmark of the systemic inflammatory illness known as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), which eventually causes severe disability and early death. RA may impact any joint in the body. However, it mostly impacts the wrist and knee joints’ proximal interphalangeal, metacarpophalangeal and metatarsophalangeal joints. Around 1% of people worldwide are affected by it and women are 2-3 times more likely to be affected than males. Preclinical RA, genetic influences and environmental influences all have a role in the etiology of the illness. Since there is no recognized therapy for RA, achieving the lowest disease activity and, if possible, recovery remains the key goals of care. This review summarizes the research on the many RA therapy options, their mechanisms of action, side effects and novel drug delivery systems currently being used for non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). These delivery methods are discovered to be non-toxic, physiologically selective, compatible with cells and tissues and safe even at larger doses. The current study compares and contrasts numerous unique drug delivery...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2023 in |
Objective: Gingival recession is one of the most common mucogingival defects for which patients seek periodontal therapy. Treatment options for gingival recession include surgical procedures with pedicle flaps, free soft tissue grafts, gingival veneering, restorations, etc. When multiple gingival recessions involving adjacent teeth are present, the first choice is to address all recession defects at one surgical time. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to compare the effectiveness of Alloderm over Connective Tissue graft (CTG) in managing multiple gingival recessions. Methods: A literature search with appropriate keywords was done with electronic databases viz. MEDLINE Ovid (from 1946 onwards); SCOPUS and EBSCO. (Multiple gingival recession) or multiple root coverage) and coronally advanced flap; (multiple gingival recession) or multiple root exposure) and connective tissue graft is the search term used. Results: Randomized controlled trials comparing Alloderm with CTG were included. The risk of bias of included studies was assessed, and metanalysis was done using Rev Man (VERSION 5.4). Of the 367 articles, only three went for meta-analysis. Conclusion: A statistically significant...
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