Posted by admin on Jun 30, 2025 in |
Circadian clock is an impressive timing system responsible for the control of several metabolic, physiological and behavioral processes. Chronotherapeutic is an approach that aligns the timing of drug delivery with the rhythms of diseases or disorders to optimize therapeutic responses and minimize side effects. This method ensures the purposeful and controlled release of medications in varying amounts over a 24-hour period. Chronotherapeutic drug delivery systems are becoming increasingly important in pharmaceutical technology, as they reduce dosing frequency and toxicity while delivering drugs in sync with the circadian rhythm (CR) of specific diseases, ensuring optimal treatment when symptoms are at their peak. Eventually, the benefit goes to the patient due the compliance and convenience of the dosage form. Chronotherapy is the conveying drugs in the body at the target site by maintaining perfect synchronicity with circadian rhythms. Chronotherapy refers to the use of circadian, ultradian, in radian& seasonal or other rhythmic cycles in the application of therapy. Some of the conditions, which may be significantly benefited, are hypertension, myocardial infarction,...
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Posted by admin on Jun 30, 2025 in |
Hydrogels are three-dimensional polymeric network structures having high water content. Stimuli-responsive or smart polymers are macromolecules that show a significant physiochemical change in response to small changes in their environment. These smart hydrogels with chemical and structurally responsive moieties show excellent characteristics of reacting under different environmental conditions such as temperature, pH, light, magnetic field, ionic factors, etc. These polymers have the ability to observe a change (stimulus) in their environment, respond to it immediately, and then return to their original shape/state when the stimulus is removed. Due to the high-water content of hydrogels and more similarity with biological tissues, hydrogels provide an ideal environment for cell survival, and structure which mimics the biological tissues. More water content, soft consistency and low interfacial tension with biological fluids makes them biocompatible. Due to their superior biocompatibility and low toxicity hydrogels have a significant role in the biomedical fields. In biomedical field, these super intelligent hydrogels have gained a significant interest in tissue engineering, drug delivery, diagnostics, imaging and optics. The...
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Posted by admin on Jun 30, 2025 in |
Cardiometabolic disorders, encompassing cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, and obesity, represent a significant global health burden. This comprehensive review explores emerging biomarkers that offer promising avenues for improving diagnosis, risk stratification, and management of these complex conditions. We focus on twelve novel biomarkers: growth hormone-15 (GH-15), CD40, ST2, interleukin-6 (IL-6), heart-type fatty acid-binding protein (H-FABP), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), neuregulin-1 (NRG-1), copeptin, adropin, preptin, irisin, and galectin-3 (Gal-3). Each biomarker is examined in terms of its biological role, potential clinical applications, and evaluation methods. These biomarkers reflect various pathophysiological processes, including inflammation, fibrosis, metabolic dysregulation, and cardiac remodeling, providing insights into the complex mechanisms underlying cardiometabolic disorders. Clinical applications range from early diagnosis and risk stratification to monitoring disease progression and treatment response. Some biomarkers, such as NRG-1 and irisin, also represent potential therapeutic targets. Despite their promise, challenges remain in translating these biomarkers into clinical practice. These include the need for standardization of assay methods, integration with existing risk assessment tools, and validation through longitudinal studies. Future directions...
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Posted by admin on Jun 30, 2025 in |
Migraines are a debilitating neurological condition affecting millions worldwide, characterized by intense headaches often accompanied by nausea, photophobia, and sensitivity to sound. Conventional treatments, such as analgesics and triptans, provide relief but are often associated with side effects and limited efficacy for chronic sufferers. This has led to a growing interest in alternative therapies, particularly herbal treatments, for migraine management. This paper explores the potential of herbal remedies, including feverfew (Tanacetum parthenium), butterbur (Petasites hybridus), peppermint oil, lavender oil, and ginger, in alleviating migraine symptoms. Herbal treatments have shown promise due to their anti-inflammatory, vasodilatory, and neuroprotective properties, which target the underlying mechanisms of migraines. Feverfew and butterbur, for instance, have been highlighted in clinical studies for their efficacy in reducing migraine frequency and severity. Additionally, essential oils like peppermint and lavender offer immediate symptomatic relief when used topically or through aromatherapy. Despite their benefits, the use of herbal treatments requires careful consideration of dosage, preparation, and potential side effects. This study emphasizes the need for robust, evidence-based research...
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Posted by admin on Jun 30, 2025 in |
Minimally invasive cardiac surgery (MICS) has emerged as a transformative approach in cardiovascular medicine, aiming to reduce surgical trauma and improve patient outcomes compared to traditional open-heart procedures. Originating nearly a century ago, MICS has undergone significant advancements, evolving from rudimentary instruments to sophisticated robotic-assisted and AI-driven techniques. This evolution has enabled surgeons to perform complex cardiac surgeries through small incisions, minimizing damage to surrounding tissues and organs. Key procedures such as aortic and mitral valve replacements, coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), and maze surgeries for atrial fibrillation have been successfully adapted to MICS. These procedures leverage innovations like robotic systems that enhance precision, minimize human error, and provide better visualization of the operative field. As a result, patients experience reduced post-operative pain, shorter hospital stays, faster recovery times, and improved cosmetic outcomes due to smaller surgical scars. Recent studies and clinical trials underscore the safety, feasibility, and efficacy of MICS across diverse patient populations. The adoption of MICS continues to expand globally, driven by its potential to mitigate...
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