Posted by admin on Nov 30, 2022 in |
Cancer has evolved as a detrimental disorder alongside cardiovascular diseases. Plant-derived natural products have been the most successful source of potential anti-cancer drugs and for the isolation and characterization of novel compounds. Till now, only about 10% of the world’s biodiversity has been assessed for biological activity and numerous useful natural lead compounds are expected to be discovered in the near future. The exploration for anti-cancer agents from plant sources commenced in 1950s with the discovery of alkaloids; vinblastine and vincristine from Catharanthus roseus and the segregation of the cytotoxic podophyllotoxins from Podophyllum peltatum. Subsequently, paclitaxel or taxol was isolated from Taxus brevifolia bark and camptothecin was isolated from Camptotheca acuminata. Likewise, homoharringtonine, elliptinium, combretastatin A-4 betulinic acid, pervilleine-A, silvesterol, schischkinnin, and montamine are some of the other effective plant-originated anti-cancer compounds. With the developments in structural chemistry, a range of synthetic and semisynthetic lead compounds were designed and developed in laboratories. For instance, the semisynthetic analogues of vinca alkaloids are vinorelbine and vindesine, which are used either alone...
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Posted by admin on Nov 30, 2022 in |
Heterocyclic chemistry has grown very rapidly, particularly in evaluating synthetic methods and investigating synthesized materials’ bioactive properties. Heterocycle compounds are important in many facets of life’s pharmacological activities. In their structure, many biologically active compounds such as amino acids, vitamins, hormones, nucleic acids, alkaloids, dyes, and drugs (natural and synthetic) possess heterocyclic ring molecules. Various pyrazole derivatives and their numerous physiological and pharmacological effects have been the subject of numerous investigations during the last decade. Part of the goal of these investigations was to uncover the vast spectrum of drug-like properties of pyrazole derivatives and their structure-activity connections to unlock the full potential of these molecules. This article focuses on the chemistry and pharmaceutic activity of the heterocycle pyrazoline, i.e., nitrogen-containing five-membered ring. An account of a different mode of synthesis from different starting materials is shown, along with the highlights of the therapeutic activity of...
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Posted by admin on Nov 30, 2022 in |
In order to discover new treatments for a wide range of ailments, ethnopharmacological research has investigated different leads from plants. In nature, the Orchidaceae family’s Vanda roxburghii is found in Bangladesh and India. As a remedy for dyspepsia, bronchitis, and inflammations, as well as for rheumatoid arthritis and bronchitis, various portions of the plant are employed. A number of the plant’s beneficial compounds have been identified, including alkaloids, glucosides, fatty acids, saponin, and tannin compounds, as well as β- and γ-sitosterols, as well as fatty oils, resin, and tetracosylferrulate in the roots. In the angiosperm family, orchids make up the largest and most diversified group. They are grown for their magnificent blooms. Flowers of all sizes, shapes and colors can be found on these plants. However, these plants have been widely recognized for their economic relevance, but little attention has been paid to their medical properties. Ayurvedic practitioners have long relied on orchids to treat a wide range of diseases. For centuries, people have relied on the herb to...
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Posted by admin on Nov 30, 2022 in |
The herbal medicines have been largely used since form several thousands of years in all developing and developed countries in the primary health care of community and society. Flavonoids are the class of polyphenolic secondary metabolites, which are mainly found in plants. Apigenin is a flavonoid which shows several pharmacological activities and used effectively for the management and treatment of several diseases and disorders. Many herbal medicines and their preparation containing Apigenin are available in market and hence Quality Control and standardization of Apigenin is important and essential in ayurvedic industries. The scientific research articles published on analytical development and validation of Apigenin and its estimation in its extract, isolated form and other herbal or polyherbal formulations were reviewed. We have mainly focused on chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques for qualitative and quantitative analysis of Apigenin and presented in this review work. We conclude here that the spectroscopic and chromatographic methods play significant role in the quality control and standardization of Apigenin in herbal...
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Posted by admin on Nov 30, 2022 in |
The recent emergence of the Omicron variant (B.1.1.529) of SARS‐CoV‐2 has added alarm to the eternal flame of the global COVID‐19 pandemic. Omicron was first identified in Botswana in November 2021. The omicron is thought to be at least three times more infectious than the previous variants. Omicron can cause diseases varying from asymptomatic, mild, and severe infection and people have died from omicron in a second pandemic wave that occurred in March-May 2021. This variant has been detected in more than 77 countries worldwide as per WHO until January 2022. The spike protein is the target of most COVID-19 vaccines and is what the virus uses to unlock access to our body’s immune cells, many of which (69–70del (deletion), T95I, G142D/143–145del, K417N, N679K, T478K, N501Y, N655Y, and P681H) overlap with Alpha, Beta, Gamma, or Delta variants. Some spike protein mutations include A67V, Δ69-70, T95I, G142D/Δ143-145, Δ211/L212I, ins214EPE G339D, S371L, S373P, S375F, etc. Remarkable mutations in the furin cleavage site may increase transmissibility and replication as in Alpha (P681H)...
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