Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2020 in |
NSAIDs (Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) show its effect by preventing prostaglandin synthesis, which reasons ulcer complications and mucosal damage all over the gastrointestinal tract. The world’s most accepted drug was aspirin for treatment of pain and inflammation without knowing that it has the ability to inhibit prostaglandin production by inhibiting the cyclooxygenase enzyme for the treatment of pain and inflammation, until the late 1970s. The discovery of cyclo-oxygenase isoenzyme (COX-1 and COX-2), and their distinct function leads to the development of COX-1 and COX-2 selective inhibitors without any gastrointestinal toxicity. Initial intimations of the second form of cyclooxygenase (COX-2), which has different sensitivity for other drugs like aspirin, finally accompanied in a stimulating period of cyclooxygenase inhibitor discovery, concluding in the overview of an absolutely new generation of anti-inflammatory drugs. The aim of this paper is to review the development of COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitors. This paper also reviews that, what are the importance and history of natural products in the treatment of inflammation as COX-1 and COX-2...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2020 in |
The purpose of this work was to develop prolonged-release solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) of Rifampicin (RIF) for oral drug delivery and to improve the bioavailability of RIF. SLNs were designed by using Glycerol monostearate (GMS) and lipid core materials and polaxamer 188 as a stabilizer. SLNs were prepared by o/w microemulsion technique and characterized by particle size analysis, Fourier transforms infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), drug entrapment efficiency, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Zeta potential, in-vitro evaluation studies, storage stability, membrane permeation study. At the highest speed, the resultant SLNs were smaller in size, and their size increased with an increase in lipid concentration. Nanoparticles prepared using 2.5% lipid, 1% Poloxamer 188, and 21,500 rpm show smaller particle size, better drug entrapment, excellent surface characteristic, and controlled drug release. Release from RIF-SLNs was studied using a dialysis bag method. The results of the released in-vitro study show that the dialysis membrane after 12 and after 24 h, the release pattern of drug slightly increases. The surface characters were...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2020 in |
The anthelmintic effect of alcoholic Citrullus colocynthis fruit extract on the tegument of Cotylophoron cotylophorum was studied by light microscopy. Live amphistome Cotylophoron cotylophorum flukes were collected from the infected rumen of freshly slaughtered domestic buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) at the local zoo abattoir in Udaipur. The control and anthelmintic treated C. cotylophorum with the alcoholic C. colocynthis fruit extract, and flukicide drug albendazole were fixed in Bouin’s fixative for histological study. The present studies revealed the alcoholic Citrullus colocynthis fruits extract effect on the tegument of flukes; showed abundant cuticular disruption, detachments, discontinuous, blebbing, clumping of parenchymal cell and the complete breakdown of cells in the parenchyma leaving vacuolated areas. Albendazole is less effective than alcoholic Citrullus colocynthis fruit extract. This study suggests that the alcoholic extract of the fruit of C. colocynthis could offer a suitable and cheaper alternative anthelmintic as a comparison to synthetic drugs. The results of this study will help to prepare the eco-friendly, less costly anthelmintic veterinary drug and socio-economic upliftment of cattle...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2020 in |
The present investigation deals with the assessment of neuroprotective effect Leucas aspera in streptozotocin (STZ) induced Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in rats. AD was induced by administering STZ (3 mg/kg, ICV) on day one and 3rd day after surgery. Surgery was performed on anesthetized rats with the help of the stereotaxic apparatus. STZ induced AD rats were treated with ethanolic extract of Leucas aspera (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg, p.o.) for 28 days. Effect of Leucas aspera root in AD rats was assessed by estimating the alteration in the behavior (Y maze apparatus and single trail passive avoidance) and biochemical parameter in the brain tissue {Oxidative stress parameters (SOD, CAT, and LPO), amyloid β peptide (Aβ) and acetylcholinesterase (AchE). Treatment with Leucas aspera shows significant (P<0.01) increased in the % of alteration in the behavior and step-through latency in Y maze task and single-trial passive avoidance test compared to AD rats. Leucas aspera significantly (P<0.01) decreases the AchE in the brain tissue compared to AD rats, whereas treatment with Leucas...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2020 in |
Current investigation was aimed at designing a Rosuvastatin calcium loaded drug- in- adhesive patch (DIAP) to overcome the problems associated with the daily oral administration of the drug. The patches were prepared by solvent casting method using acrylate emulsion polymers like Covinax 525-78, Mowinyl 461 and Novacryl PSR 32, which served as sustained release matrix polymer and adhesive. Methocel K100M was added as a solubilizer whereas propylene glycol (PG), labrasol, transcutol, and polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400) were tried as permeation enhancers for the drug- in- adhesive film. The combination of Novacryl –PEG 400 and Novacryl-Transcutol was further optimized by 32 factorial design to study the effect of two independent variables i.e. concentration of solubilizer and permeation enhancer on responses i.e. % drug release, tensile strength and peel adhesion strength. The effect of the solubilizer and permeation enhancer on the final formulation was studied. The % cumulative release of drug at the end of 24 h was found to be between 90-93%. The formulations also show tensile strength in the...
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