Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2020 in |
The present study is designed to investigate the hepatoprotective effect of Hydrilla verticillata on lead-induced hepatic damage in freshwater fish. The fish were treated with a sub-lethal concentration of lead acetate to induce liver damage and fed with supplementary feed containing 20% of hydrilla dry powder. After 21 days of treatment, the liver was removed, and hepatotoxicity and its prevention were analyzed. Liver marker enzymes like alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), acid phosphatase (ACP) were measured and compared with the control. Histopathological study of the liver was done to find out the protective effect of Hydrilla verticillata. The lead-induced hepatotoxicity by stimulation of ALT, AST, ACP and represented by degeneration of hepatocytes and formation of cytoplasmic vacuoles. Hydrilla verticillata supplementation significantly (p ˂ 0.05) reduced the level of hepatic enzymes and showed a protective effect on hepatocytes by normalization of degenerated and fibrotic liver tissue as of control. This study strongly confirms the hepatoprotective effect of Hydrilla verticillata against lead-induced acute liver toxicity. Hydrilla verticillata could be recommended...
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2020 in |
The present investigation was undertaken to improve L-glutamic acid production by a biotin auxotrophic mutant Coryne-bacterium glutamicum X680. For this purpose, culture conditions were optimized. In this regard, different physical and nutritional parameters were examined. The culture was incubated in 100 ml Erlenmeyer conical flasks in an incubator with a shaker at 150rpm. Maximum production was obtained with: pH, 7.0; period of incubation, 72h; volume of medium, 30ml; size of inoculum, 4% (8 × 106 cells); age of inoculum, 48 h; temperature, 30 ºC; glucose, 12g%; urea, 1g%; calcium carbonate, 4g%; biotin, 3µg/ml; potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.3g%; dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.3g%; magnesium sulphate, heptahydrate, 2mg%; zinc sulphate, heptahydrate, 10µg/ml; ferrous sulphate, heptahydrate, 10 µg/ml and biotin, 3µg/ml. The production was increased significantly (p<0.01) from 7.4 mg/ml to 27.6...
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2020 in |
Tannase (Tannin acylhydrolase E. C. 3.1.1.20) is a ubiquitous enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of ester and depside bonds of hydrolyzable tannins, releasing glucose and gallic acid. Gallic acid is used in the food industry as a substrate for the chemical synthesis of food preservatives such as gallates and pyrogallol, propyl gallate being a very important food antioxidant and in the pharmaceutical industry, for the synthesis of antibacterial drugs. Tannase is also utilized for bioremediation of effluents from tanneries. A number of bacteria and fungus has been reported to produce tannase, but tannase-producing actinomycetes have not been reported. So, the present study was undertaken to isolate actinomycetes with the ability to produce tannase enzyme. A total of 30 microorganisms was isolated by enrichment culture technique using tannin as carbon source. The tannase producing strain AT 9 was selected based on the zone of tannic acid hydrolysis. AT 9 was identified as Streptomyces gancidicus based on 16s rRNA. Streptomyces gancidicus showed maximum tannase production when cultured in mineral medium using 4...
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2020 in |
A specific, rapid, and sensitive LC-MS/MS assay was developed and validated for the determination of Naftopidil in human plasma. Naftopidil d7 was used as an internal standard (IS). A faster and one-step protein precipitation (PP) technique was employed for sample preparation. The processed samples were chromatographed on a C18 column using ammonium formate (5mM) buffer in combination with acetonitrile as the mobile phase. The mass spectrometer was operated in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode, and the protonated ions were monitored at m/z 393→190 transitions for the naftopidil and m/z 400 →190 transitions for the IS. The calibration curve was linear over-concentration of 0.30-300 ng/mL, and the method was fully validated as per the recent U.S. FDA Bioanalytical method validation guideline. The precision (%CV) and accuracy results across five concentration levels in 3 different runs were found to be within the specified limits. The present work complied with our initial research objectives and successfully demonstrated the applicability to pharmacokinetic...
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2020 in |
The forest of India is the principal repository of a large number of medicinal and aromatic plants; they are the richest source of bioactive compounds, which are largely collected as raw materials for the manufacture of drugs and perfumery products. The present study deals with five different medicinal plants viz., Polyalthia longifolia, Anonna muricata, Elephendopus scaber, Senna alata, and Hyptis suaveolens, for identifying their chemical constituents. The qualitative and quantitative analysis was performed using methanol extracts of leaves of selected medicinal plants. Total phenolic, flavonoid, tannin content, total antioxidant capacity, DPPH scavenging activity, and ABTS assay of the extracts were determined by spectrophotometric methods. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, glycosides, steroids, and saponins. A. muricata and H. suaveolens showed higher phenolic content. A. muricata, H. suaveolens, and P. longifolia showed significant antioxidant activity. All the extracts exhibited varying quantities of flavonoid, tannin, and alkaloid content. The presence of various bioactive compounds in the tested plants reveals that the selected medicinal plants may be a good...
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