Posted by admin on Jun 30, 2021 in |
Introduction: Anemia in CKD occurs when the kidneys are damaged or diseased. They cannot make enough EPO, which stimulates the bone marrow to produce RBC. It is associated with increased cardiovascular diseases, hospitalization, reduced quality of life, cognitive impairment, and mortality. Materials and Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted on CKD patients. Demographic details, treatment information, SES, and performance of daily activities were collected from the patients. Anemia was confirmed in patients by observing laboratory investigations, SES was collected by using the Modified Kuppuswamy scale, and the performance of patients for the treatment was analyzed by using the Karnofsky performance index. Results: The majority of the patients affected with anemia belong to UL Class. The performance of patients was improved as well as an increase in hemoglobin levels and decreases in Serum Creatinine levels were observed. P-value calculated for Haemoglobin, and serum creatinine was < 0.0001, which indicates the treatment was statistically significant. Conclusion: The pharmacotherapeutic treatment prescribed for anemia in various categories of CKD patient’s shows significant...
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Posted by admin on Jun 30, 2021 in |
This study was conducted to investigate the antibacterial activity and rate of kill of the various partially purified fractions of Spondias mombin’s leaf extract on selected pathogenic bacteria. Fresh leaves of Spondias mombin were air-dried and then ground into fine powder. The powdered leaves of Spondias mombin were extracted using ethanol-water in the ratio 1:1 (v/v). The crude extract was fractionated by partial purification using various solvents such as n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl-acetate, and n-butanol. The fractions were concentrated in vacuo and lyophilized. Afterward, the different fractions were tested for antibacterial activities against selected pathogenic bacteria using the agar well diffusion method. The minimum inhibitory and minimum bactericidal concentrations were determined using the standard microbiological method. The rate of kill of the test isolates by the active fractions (n-butanol, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane fractions) was also determined. The zones of inhibition shown by the active fractions at 15 mg/mL on the isolates ranged between 11.7 mm and 15.7 mm while the minimum inhibitory and minimum bactericidal concentrations of the active...
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Posted by admin on Jun 30, 2021 in |
Microbial inulinases have a great potential for industrial use in the production of fructose from inulin. Optimization of the growth parameters of the microbes is essential to obtain inulinase in sufficient quantity. The present work aims to obtain inulinase from different fruits of endophytic bacteria and optimize its growth parameters. In a total of 22 isolates and among them, each one isolates from each fruit of, Banana, Pineapple and Zapata were isolated by endophytic bacteria were identified as efficient inulinase producers by SEM analysis. The optimum temperature (4 °C) and pH of these organisms were found 5.0 – 7.0 respectively. Inulin was observed to be the suitable carbon source and also a specific substrate Banana powder for these organisms. The work has been done to grow in 4’C and 37 °C, morphological, physiological, and biochemical characters, grow in agar plate with the specific substrate for zone formation, gram staining, and estimation of inulinase enzyme for using different carbon sources to compare with specific activity for protein content. The molecular...
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Posted by admin on Jun 30, 2021 in |
A simple, accurate, and precise stability-indicating method was developed for the simultaneous estimation of the Netupitant (NTPT) and Palonosetron (PLSN) in a capsule by UPLC. Chromatographic elution was processed through an HSS C18 (100 × 2.1 mm, 1.8m) reverse phase column, and the mobile phase composition of 0.01N KH2PO4 buffer (4.0 pH) and acetonitrile in the ratio of 55:45 was pumped through a column at a flow rate of 0.3 ml/min. The column oven temperature was maintained at 30 °C, and the detection wavelength was processed at 274 nm. Retention times of NTPT and PLSN were found to be 1.682 min and 1.288 min, respectively. Repeatability of the method was determined in the form of %RSD, and findings were 0.9 and 1.0 for NTPT and PLSN, respectively. The percentage recovery of the method was found to be 99.98% and 99.61% for NTPT and PLSN, respectively. LOD, LOQ values obtained from regression equations of NTPT and PLSN were 2.174, 6.587mg/ml and 0.02, 0.05 mg/ml respectively. Regression equation of NTPT was...
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Posted by admin on Jun 30, 2021 in |
Nail plate being a formidable barrier, drug permeation through this layer is limited. Taking this as a challenging task, the present study focuses on the formulation of an antifungal topical nail lacquer using Oxiconazole nitrate. The novelty of the studies can be stated as the use of a combination of permeation enhancers like salicylic acid, thioglycolic acid, and urea for effective therapeutic treatment of topical nail infection like Onychomycosis. Results: Optimized formulation F13 was subjected for incompatibility studies followed by post-formulation studies (drying time, water resistance, etc.). Clipping of nail part was examined for in-vitro drug release and anti-microbial activity followed by stability studies of the optimized formulation. The optimized F13 formulation was found to have a thickness (57±0.04µm), folding endurance (183±0.57 mm), and tensile strength (2.62±0.02 Kg/cm2) values, respectively. The FTIR and XRD studies showed no interaction between drug-excipients. Permeation enhancer in the ratio of salicylic acid: thioglycolic acid: urea in hydrogen peroxide (1:1:1) with 5% concentration each showed in-vitro drug release rate of 96.03% at 48 hours...
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